写毕业论文摘要需要英文摘要吗
1、报道性摘要 报道性摘要是指明一次文献的主题范围及内容梗概的简明摘要，相当于简介。 报道性摘要一般用来反映科技论文的目的、方法及主要结果与结论，在有限的字数内向读者提供尽可能多的定性或定量的信息，充分反映该研究的创新之处。 ...2、指示性摘要 指示性摘要是指明一次文献的论题及取得的成果的性质和水平的摘要，其目的是使读者对该研究的主要内容即作者做了什么工作）有一个轮廓性的了解。 创新内容较少的论文，其摘要可写成指示性摘要，一般适用于学术性期刊的简报、问题讨论等栏目以及技术性期刊等只概括地介绍论文的论题，使读者对论文的主要内容有大致的了解。
可以不需要 但是有了就是锦上添花
必须要有 指的是正规论文 不过很简单 找翻译工具就可以了
问题一：为什么一篇中文论文需要一个英文的摘要？ 好的 [新手] 从正规的说法看，是为了和轨国际接轨。从实际看，我国学术尚在低潮期，需要与外国比较然后找出出路，所以在学术训练中做英文摘要是一种途径。佛教初入中国时，翻译佛经的一个词会动用几百甚至上千的高智商的人，在此激础上，才有禅宗和理学的出现，所以，对英语的消化也有一个过程。 文章八股自古皆然，历史上写诗文的大家大多是八股高手，起承转合破题承题都是在写八股过程中练出来的，关键不在他的死格式而在活思想， *** 论说文气势磅礴，论证严谨有力，其实他的出发点主要是孟子、庄子、韩愈，八股的活力是有的，关键在思想。 中国的工科学术落后于西方 用英语一旦发表就可以让他人检索到 ，可以与西方相应国家的相关技术有可比性，分出孰优孰劣，有利于自己论文的修改和提高。同时我国正全面进行小康社会的建设，改革开放是一个必要渠道，学术上的交流更突出其重要性。因此通过英文摘要，可以为中西方的学术交流提供了一个便利平台。从上面意义上说，要求在论文中写英语摘要就是用心良苦的一件事了 问题二：什么样的论文需要写英文摘要 是否要写英文摘要，要看论文发表的杂志级别。一般说来，国家级的、省级的、市级的专业杂志发表的论文都需要英文摘要。只不过，市级以下级别的杂志有些混乱，原因是有些杂志为了抬高地位或是其他原因，故意而为。所以，要不要英文摘要，还要以杂志编辑部要求为准。大学生毕业生的毕业论文，则依据学院的要求。 问题三：综述性论文的中文摘要和英文摘要是一个意思吗 什么时间要呢，我给你一篇如何？？？内容摘要 内容摘要要求把论文的主要观点提示出来，便于读者一看就能掌握论文内容的要点。目前比较通用结构式摘要，包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论。摘要应有高度的概括力，且要全面反映论文要点，简明、明确、畅达。 问题四：为什么论文的摘要必须要有中英文的 摘要是用来简述论文所论述问题和作揣观点的，可以通过摘要检索到关于某一学术问题的的文章。所以摘要有中英文可以增加被检索范围 问题五：毕业论文中英文摘要必须在同一页上吗？ 看要求了。如果没有明确亥要求，先中文摘要、关键词，再英文摘要、关键词，按正常的往下排即可，不用管放在哪一页。 如果有要求，就要分页了。 问题六：论文中的英文摘要需要和中文摘要一致吗? 要一致，英文摘要就是中文摘要的翻译 问题七：论文英文摘要是中文摘要的翻译版吗？ 大多是互译的，也可以得不一样，但中心要是一样的，毕竟论文是一份。所以表达的意思是一个。当然不一定要一次一句的翻译。。。 问题八：写论文的英文摘要应注意什么 首先要弄清楚摘要的目的，是让别人搜索论文的时候可以知道你的论文大概是讲什么的，吸引人家看论文全文，后面有关键词，方便搜索。摘要不宜长篇大论，扼要介绍论文的背景和解决了什么问题就可以了。很多学生的毛病是把该写在引言里的内容都放到摘要里来了。 写英文摘要的话，很多人是直接翻译中文摘要，但是不一定翻译得好。注意千万别用软件自动翻译，效果非常差。我的意见是中英文摘要的内容不必一一对应得那么死。例如中文中的“我国”，在英文中应该翻译成 China 而不是 our country，因为理论上看英文摘要的不一定是中国人。 假如你是大学生，要交毕业设计，最好的做法是用你自己能明白的英语把论文介绍一下，同时注意专业名词要准确翻译。 假如要正式发表，最好的做法，是从外国人的角度思考，假如他们对这个论题有兴趣的话，他们会怎样搜索论文，看到什么描述会想看看论文全文。 问题九：毕业论文中中文摘要是否要跟英文摘要分开 每个学校都有自己的要求，你们没有格式要求吗？ 一般来说，分开页。
毕业论文摘要英文
随着全球经济一体化趋势日益加快，国际商务活动日益频繁。这些商务活动的许多领域，如技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资等，所使用的英语统称为 商务英语 。下面是我带来的关于商务英语 毕业 论文摘要的内容，欢迎阅读参考!商务英语毕业论文摘要(一) 商务英语特点浅析 [摘 要]商务英语是外贸人员同世界各地开展进出口贸易时用于洽谈交易、联系业务的一种应用语言。由于英汉两种截然不同语言的差异及其特定的社会功能和题材内容决定了商务英语自身与众不同的写作特点。本文拟从跨 文化 交际学的角度对商务英语的特点作一番探析，从而事倍功半地达到成功交际的目的。 [关键词]商务英语 跨文化交际 合作原则 礼貌原则 关联原则 商务英语毕业论文摘要(二) 商务英语翻译浅析 [摘要]商务英语翻译在国际贸易中起着越来越重要的作用。本文从商务英语的内涵、特点、翻译策略等方面，对商务英语的翻译进行了浅要的分析。 [关键词]商务英语翻译策略 商务英语毕业论文摘要(三) 浅谈英语商务 谈判技巧 [摘要] 随着经济全球化的发展。中国的国际贸易也越来越发达。要想和外国人做好每一笔生意，你必须了解世界各国的文化。国际贸易中跨国的商务谈判在所难免，所以你也必须懂得把全界各国商人的谈判风格研究从文化的角度来探讨国际商务谈判，分析国际商务谈判过程、世界各国商人的谈判风格，增强中国商人在国际贸易中的竞争力。 [关键词] 语言技巧谈判风格谈判技巧 以下是我带来的关于商务英语的论文，希望能帮到您! 浅谈商务英语教学 摘 要：随着中国在世界经济中的日益活跃，大学中的商务英语需求也随之增多，这是因为商务英语专业培养的是有着扎实的英语基础同时具备外贸专业知识的复合型人才;同时，教师如何讲好这门课也日益受到关注。所以，本文就以商务英语教学为话题进行浅谈，企在与同行有所交流并最终相互促进与提高，使学生和教师双赢。 关键词：大学;商务英语;教学 随着中国在国际经济活动中的日益活跃以及自身发展的迫切需要，商务英语专业也日益成为了大学热门专业之一。商务英语专业培养的是有着扎实的英语基础同时又具备外贸专业知识的复合型人才，因此，对于商务英语的教学既要考虑到英语知识的授予，又要注重英语能力的提高。如同一般英语一样，阅读也是商务英语语言运用中的一项重要活动，通过阅读既可以让学生掌握相关阅读技巧，从而提高阅读速度和语言能力;同时又可以培养学生接触商务知识和熟悉商务运作流程的实用能力。所以，本文就以商务英语中教学方面进行浅谈，企在与同行有所交流和相互促进与提高。 一般来说，商务英语教学应该涵盖语言学习和商务知识两方面内容，是集语言理论、商务理论及商务实践于一体的综合性教学。所以，教师的教学要结合所用教材，灵活运用 教学 方法 ，并且在教学活动中要注意活跃课堂气氛，让学生在轻松愉悦的氛围里进行知识的学习，最重要的是提高学生实际应用语言并进行交流的能力。对于该课程的教学，笔者根据多年的相关教学 经验 ， 总结 出了如下的教学建议： 第一，基本词汇是商务英语的基础，以此为基础，扩充词汇的学习，这是进行相关商务 英语阅读 的基础。可以通过将生词与已知词汇进行相关联系来实现对生词的记忆和掌握，当然，将生词放在阅读 文章 中进行学习也是一个很好的方法，或者将二者联系起来回更好。下面举例说明。 confirm一词在普通英语中作动词时的意思是“确认，证实”，如： ● His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions. (他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。) 而在商务英语中，confirm应该译为“保兑信用证”，即指一家银行所开的由另一家银行保证兑付的一种银行信用证。如下句： ● Payment will be made by 100% confirmed， irrevocable Letter of Credit available by sight draft。(付款方式为100% 即期，保兑，不可撤消信用证。) 那么，教师再阅读短文中就可以先将需要讲解的词汇标出，让学生说出在一般英语中的其意义;然后，在进行商务英语中所表示出的意义的讲解;最后，让学生思考并练习这些“商务意义”，注意一定要在句中，然后是整篇文章中进行理解和熟悉。 第二，具备一定商务英语词汇后就要以篇章为单位来进行训练，目的是进一步巩固所学新意(商务英语中该词汇的意义)。此阶段，最好选取一些有实用价值的英语阅读材料，在真实的商务场景中进行语言知识和商务知识的双方面习得。如：阅读文章中摘出的两句话： ● You may get a 5% discount if your order is on a regular basis. ● If a seller extends credit to a time draft， they have made a trade acceptance. The seller can request that the bank finance the transaction by buying the draft. The bank is said to discount the draft. 通过加深巩固练习，学生可以跟深刻地理解discount一词。 下一步，以对话或是篇章进行知识的延伸。如下面关于产品介绍的对话： ● A： These are our new models. B： What are their strong points? A： There's a lot to be said for them. In the first place， they are more durable than any similar ones on the market. B： Why does it take longer to wear out than the others? A： The yarn is carefully selected for quality and woven very tightly in this fabric. B： Can you leave these samples with us? A： How long do you want to keep them? B： About three days. ● A： That's all right 此时，引导学生进行整体把握，即：“为什么在这种语境会这么说?”为下一步中西方差异做铺垫。并且可以考虑在这个阶段的学习后增加一些课堂对话练习的活动，激发学生使用的欲望，增添真实的语境。 第三，在商务英语的教学中一定要注重商务礼节的介绍，并且还要特别之处中西方商务礼节或习惯方面的差异，以免在今后的实际运用中造成跨文化差异而带来的不必要的困扰。如：在中国，对于对方的赞美或是夸奖，为了表现出礼貌，通常受赞美或是夸奖的一方一定会说“哪里哪里”等拒绝性的答复;但是，西方人一般会去高兴地接受，往往是Thank you. / Thank you very much. 等，因为他们认为拒绝是极为不礼貌的。又如，在商务谈判时，中国人喜欢委婉而谦和地表达自己的观点;而西方人一般会开门见山，直奔主题。因此，在平时的教学中必须指出诸如此类的文化差异，一方面解答而来学生对于一些商务英语文章背景的不理解问题，另一方面也提高了学生的学习兴趣和求知的欲望，充满了好奇感和探究感。 总之，在课堂教学中一定要同时兼顾英语的基础知识而后专业知识的储备，以及英语技能和相关商务知识的积累这两方面的内容。但是，这些不是孤立的，而是相互关联和相互渗透的，可以说，一环扣一环，环环相关，某一个方面出现问题，就会影响 其它 方面的学习和提高。因此，我们在日常的教学中应该多角度、多方面进行指导，同时，也要求我们教师也要多学习、多更新自己的知识，这样才能满足学生的需求和自身的提高。 参考文献 [1] 蔡芸。培养复合型人才的有效方式--商务英语专业课程评价[J]。外语与外语教学，2001(4)。 [2] 陈建平。案例教学法与商务英语教学[J]。宁波大学学报( 教育 科学版)， 2004(5)。 [3] 刘江凤。论本科院校商务英语专业学生职业技能的培养[J]。考试周刊，2011(5)。 [4] 莫再树，张小勇，张云。基于语言经济学的商务英语教育研究[A].。湖南大学学报(社会科学版)，2006(4)。 [5] 叶兴国。新形势下的商务英语教学与研究[C]。上海：上海外语教育出版社。2008年10月。 猜你喜欢： 1. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 2. 商务英语毕业论文范本 3. 关于商务英语毕业论文范文 4. 商务英语专业论文范文 5. 商务英语相关毕业论文范文
要的,一般毕业论文标题,中文摘要,英文摘要,中文关键词,英文关键词,目录,正文,参考资料一个都不能少,为了礼貌还要附上感谢,现在论文都快成形式了
Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s suessful experience.
是翻成英文吗 Civil service system is the embodiment of the management system of personnel administration regularity, is promoting the modern government and the development of administrative system of anization design, it is perfect with innovation, related to the government administration quality and efficiency improvement. China in 1993 adopted the national civil service system, began to enter the modern government personnel management track. But overall, pared with foreign countries, the civil service system of our country is still relatively primitive, theoretical research is still relatively weak, and there are many aspects need reform and innovation. Therefore, the reform of the civil service system in China has bee an important task. This paper will be based on the civil service system on the basis of theoretical study, through to the Chinese and foreign civil servants system recorded in the annealing preferred, incentive coordination, the protection mechani *** of the three major aspects of the public servant system at home and abroad, to reveal the similarities and differences, to draw lessons from foreign civil servant system beneficial experience to perfect our civil servant system design. 我只把你摘要的发来了
Abstract The core petitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of petitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core petitive ability should be paid profound attention. Depending on a bination of core petence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core petitive ability in China,then bines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core petitive ability . Keywords The Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture
Urban vulnerable groups is in the interests of the economic system transformation relative damage, marginalized groups, with social transformation, economic restructuring and social factors such as industrial restructuring, urban vulnerable groups is being increasingly prominent, and has affected our economy development and social equity. Based on the situation of vulnerable groups of urban studies, that the size of the vulnerable groups in recent years in increasing the survival of the city status of vulnerable groups have not been effective improvement, therefore, an urgent need for government-led, to establish and improve various policies and mechani *** s to protect the basic rights of vulnerable groups in order to achieve the goal of building a well.
Along with continuous development of market economy and intensive structural reform of publish industry, financial management play a more and more important role on the development and management of publishing enterprise. Publishing enterprises must change their concepts and pay attention to financial management, building and insisting on the sense of innovation and human-oriented financial management, actively exploring and building a sound financial management system which is adaptive to market economic management system and operation mechani *** . Publishing enterprises must try a variety of ways and means to resolve the outstanding issues in financial management, making effort to improve the qualities of financial workers, strengthening the informational construction of financial management, realizing continuous innovation on financial centralized management and aounts receivable management, so as to promote the publishing industry develop in a healthy and good direction.
Abstract: The woman known as half of the sky in an era of growing concern in the feminist context, hold up half the sky in other men - their pressure, their difficulties, their sad, seems to have been used to And even taken for granted. But Chili as one of the representatives of women writers, she works in many men have expressed the concern of this group. Loss of life, questions of love, of self-worth of confusion, as the mon challenge facing the hero. Thus, character. environment. the fate of one man without the image of the intersection in question to the reality: our way is, Where is tomorrow? 摘要还必须包括关键词的。
英文摘要可以用百度翻译，然后复制上去，目录设定很简单，在word或者wps里面有目录设定，选中目录点选那个目录设定可以来设定是一级目录还是二级目录的。
[Abstract] In the 1980s and 1990s last century, the economy developed at a high speed with the sacrifice of damaging the environments which caused serious environmental problems and social problems. Gov and society began to think about it, therefore in the process of production and manufacturing, enterprises should take the corporate social responsibility (CSR). With the improvement of social system, many enterprises have realized the problem of social responsibility. More and more enterprises find that it is not contradicted beeen achieving the individual economic goal and fulfilling the social goal. To enhance the consciousness and initiative of fulfilling the social responsibility, enterprises should fulfill the social responsibility to convey related information to the society. It plays a key role to develop the social responsibility and social responsibility investments because it can better bring in the public opinion pressure and Gov supervision. High moral standards aord with the enterprises’ long-term benefit which will help gain reputation and trust in the daily operation and long-term cooperation. Enterprises can really catch the advantage of taking the social responsibility, the policy and regulation that push the enterprises to fulfill the social responsibility so that to find appropriate conduct system. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate obligation, significance of social responsibility, harmonious society
This thesis presents a detailed *** ysis of the current situation of the private enterprises of Chaoshan, gave emphasized *** ysis on both the advantage of its development and problems lied in, and found out the advantages as well as limitations of the district of Chaoshan. On the basis of this, this thesis also studied on the New Wenzhou Mode, while in the meantime proposed advices on the future development of private enterprises of Chaoshan district in view of strategy.
毕业论文摘要要写英文
本科毕业论文需要英文摘要，一般中文与英文并存。
论文摘要是对论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，要求扼要地说明研究工作的目的、研究方法和最终结论等，重点是结论，是一篇具有独立性和完整性的短文，根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要。
中文摘要一般不宜超过300字，外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。除了实在迫不得已，摘要中不用图、表、化学结构式、非公知公用的符号和术语。摘要可用另页置于题名页(页上无正文)之前，学术论文的摘要一般置于题名和作者之后，论文正文之前，与关键字置于上下。
扩展资料：
毕业论文撰写意义：
1、撰写毕业论文是检验学生在校学习成果的重要措施，也是提高教学质量的重要环节。大学生在毕业前都必须完成毕业论文的撰写任务。
申请学位必须提交相应的学位论文，经答辩通过后，方可取得学位。可以这么说，毕业论文是结束大学学习生活走向社会的一个中介和桥梁。毕业论文是大学生才华的第一次显露，是向祖国和人民所交的一份有分量的答卷，是投身社会主义现代化建设事业的报到书。
一篇毕业论文虽然不能全面地反映出一个人的才华，也不一定能对社会直接带来巨大的效益，对专业产生开拓性的影响。但是，实践证明，撰写毕业论文是提高教学质量的重要环节，是保证出好人才的重要措施。
2、通过撰写毕业论文，提高写作水平是干部队伍“四化”建设的需要。党中央要求，为了适应现代化建设的需要，领导班子成员应当逐步实现“革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化”。这个“四化”的要求，也包含了对干部写作能力和写作水平的要求。
3、提高大学生的写作水平是社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设的需要。在新的历史时期，无论是提高全族的科学文化水平，掌握现代科技知识和科学管理方法，还是培养社会主义新人，都要求我们的干部具有较高的写作能力。
在经济建设中，作为领导人员和机关的办事人员，要写指示、通知、总结、调查报告等应用文；要写说明书、广告、解说词等说明文；还要写科学论文、经济评论等议论文。
在当今信息社会中，信息对于加快经济发展速度，取得良好的经济效益发挥着愈来愈大的作用。写作是以语言文字为信号，是传达信息的方式。信息的来源、信息的收集、信息的储存、整理、传播等等都离不开写作。
参考资料来源：百度百科——论文摘要
参考资料来源：百度百科——毕业论文
我们写毕业论文的时候是需要有英文摘要的。
可以不需要 但是有了就是锦上添花
要的,一般毕业论文 标题,中文摘要,英文摘要,中文关键词,英文关键词,目录,正文,参考资料一个都不能少,为了礼貌还要附上感谢,现在论文都快成形式了
毕业论文摘要英文摘要的关键词
英文摘要格式如下：
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。
4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词：“Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。每个关键词使用四号字。
论文摘要应包含以下内容：
（1）从事这一研究的目的和重要性。
（2）研究的主要内容，指明完成了哪些工作。
（3）获得的基本结论和研究成果，突出论文的新见解。
（4）结论或结果的意义。
以上内容参考：百度百科-摘要
以上内容参考：百度百科-论文摘要
keywordskey words 都有复合名词有时候比较灵活的
两种写法都有在文章和词典当中出现的历史。解释是相同的就我看到的期刊，用keywords的多，key words的少些。现在已经有很多期刊都没有keywords这一项了，因为关键词从题目中就很容易看出来。
英文文件的标准字体：
在Microsoft office word里，英文默认字体是TimesNew Roman，比较常用的还有 Arial, Calibri，字号以磅表示，从7px-96px。依据文章要求使用不同磅数的字，常用12 pt/ 14 pt/ 16 pt。
摘要及关键词页上打印格式同论文题名页，中、英文对照，中文题目页在上，英文题目页在下。一般根据提要的内容多少安排打印。中文题目摘要采用宋体一号，加粗，摘要正文部分采用宋体，小四号。
英文摘要
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距： 统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。
4、英文题目： 使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要： “Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。
英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词： “Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。
毕业论文摘要的英文
摘要用英文表达为digest或是abstract，读音为[daɪˈdʒest,dɪˈdʒest]，[ˈæbstrækt]。
重点词汇解释：
1、digest
vt. 消化；吸收；融会贯通
vi. 消化
n. 文摘；摘要
双语例句：
He read rapidly but did not digest anything.
他读得很快，但什么也没领会到。
2、abstract
adj. 纯理论的；抽象的；抽象派的
n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念；抽象派艺术作品
v. 摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；转移；使心不在焉
双语例句：
His abstracts are held in numerous collections.
他的抽象画被纳入到很多收藏中。
扩展资料：
abstract的用法：
abstract 的基本意思是抽象的，观念上的，理论的，可与个别情况相对，也可与具体经验相对。多指品质或特征，而不指物体或事实。有时意味着脱离现实，而且缺乏对实际事物的专门实用性，引申可作难懂的，过于深奥的意思。abstract用于艺术作品时可指抽象派的。
abstract作抽象的，抽象派的意思时不用于比较等级，作难懂的，过于深奥的意思时可用于比较等级。
abstract用作名词时其意思有以下几点：一是抽象概念；二是抽象派艺术作品，如抽象画，抽象雕塑，抽象设计等；三是文献等的摘要，概要，梗概，多指学术或法律方面比较艰深或复杂的文字摘要。
abstract常用于短语in the abstract中，意思是就一般而言，抽象地，在理论上，abstract前的定冠词the不可遗漏。
Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s suessful experience.
是翻成英文吗 Civil service system is the embodiment of the management system of personnel administration regularity, is promoting the modern government and the development of administrative system of anization design, it is perfect with innovation, related to the government administration quality and efficiency improvement. China in 1993 adopted the national civil service system, began to enter the modern government personnel management track. But overall, pared with foreign countries, the civil service system of our country is still relatively primitive, theoretical research is still relatively weak, and there are many aspects need reform and innovation. Therefore, the reform of the civil service system in China has bee an important task. This paper will be based on the civil service system on the basis of theoretical study, through to the Chinese and foreign civil servants system recorded in the annealing preferred, incentive coordination, the protection mechani *** of the three major aspects of the public servant system at home and abroad, to reveal the similarities and differences, to draw lessons from foreign civil servant system beneficial experience to perfect our civil servant system design. 我只把你摘要的发来了
Abstract The core petitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of petitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core petitive ability should be paid profound attention. Depending on a bination of core petence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core petitive ability in China,then bines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core petitive ability . Keywords The Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture
Urban vulnerable groups is in the interests of the economic system transformation relative damage, marginalized groups, with social transformation, economic restructuring and social factors such as industrial restructuring, urban vulnerable groups is being increasingly prominent, and has affected our economy development and social equity. Based on the situation of vulnerable groups of urban studies, that the size of the vulnerable groups in recent years in increasing the survival of the city status of vulnerable groups have not been effective improvement, therefore, an urgent need for government-led, to establish and improve various policies and mechani *** s to protect the basic rights of vulnerable groups in order to achieve the goal of building a well.
Along with continuous development of market economy and intensive structural reform of publish industry, financial management play a more and more important role on the development and management of publishing enterprise. Publishing enterprises must change their concepts and pay attention to financial management, building and insisting on the sense of innovation and human-oriented financial management, actively exploring and building a sound financial management system which is adaptive to market economic management system and operation mechani *** . Publishing enterprises must try a variety of ways and means to resolve the outstanding issues in financial management, making effort to improve the qualities of financial workers, strengthening the informational construction of financial management, realizing continuous innovation on financial centralized management and aounts receivable management, so as to promote the publishing industry develop in a healthy and good direction.
Abstract: The woman known as half of the sky in an era of growing concern in the feminist context, hold up half the sky in other men - their pressure, their difficulties, their sad, seems to have been used to And even taken for granted. But Chili as one of the representatives of women writers, she works in many men have expressed the concern of this group. Loss of life, questions of love, of self-worth of confusion, as the mon challenge facing the hero. Thus, character. environment. the fate of one man without the image of the intersection in question to the reality: our way is, Where is tomorrow? 摘要还必须包括关键词的。
英文摘要可以用百度翻译，然后复制上去，目录设定很简单，在word或者wps里面有目录设定，选中目录点选那个目录设定可以来设定是一级目录还是二级目录的。
[Abstract] In the 1980s and 1990s last century, the economy developed at a high speed with the sacrifice of damaging the environments which caused serious environmental problems and social problems. Gov and society began to think about it, therefore in the process of production and manufacturing, enterprises should take the corporate social responsibility (CSR). With the improvement of social system, many enterprises have realized the problem of social responsibility. More and more enterprises find that it is not contradicted beeen achieving the individual economic goal and fulfilling the social goal. To enhance the consciousness and initiative of fulfilling the social responsibility, enterprises should fulfill the social responsibility to convey related information to the society. It plays a key role to develop the social responsibility and social responsibility investments because it can better bring in the public opinion pressure and Gov supervision. High moral standards aord with the enterprises’ long-term benefit which will help gain reputation and trust in the daily operation and long-term cooperation. Enterprises can really catch the advantage of taking the social responsibility, the policy and regulation that push the enterprises to fulfill the social responsibility so that to find appropriate conduct system. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate obligation, significance of social responsibility, harmonious society
This thesis presents a detailed *** ysis of the current situation of the private enterprises of Chaoshan, gave emphasized *** ysis on both the advantage of its development and problems lied in, and found out the advantages as well as limitations of the district of Chaoshan. On the basis of this, this thesis also studied on the New Wenzhou Mode, while in the meantime proposed advices on the future development of private enterprises of Chaoshan district in view of strategy.
毕业论文摘要翻译，用什么翻译软件都不是很推荐，因为翻译软件虽然翻译速度快，方便，但是使用翻译软件也有缺点，就是有时候将句子结构进行调换或增减词语的，换个结构翻译出来的句子就不一样，增加或减个词语，翻译出来的句子也会不同的，有时甚至会相差很大。
大学论文是高校本科应届毕业生的一项独立总结性的作业。毕业论文作为高校的一个教学环节，同时也是对学生学业绩效考核和评定的重要方式。其目的在于让学生能够总结自己在校期间的学习成果，培养自身的综合创造能力和解决发杂问题的技能，建议找人工翻译比较靠谱。
如果你有论文摘要翻译需求可以选择毕业在线网 人工摘要翻译入口
Abstract:Since ChinaUniversityEnrollment began inthe latenineteen ninties,college students employment difficult problemarose,in recent years,decreasedinitial employmentrate of university graduates,supply and demand ratiois increased,the employment situation is not optimistic,receivedwidespread attention from all sectors of society,the employment problem ofuniversity studentshas become one ofthe most last outbreak of the financialcrisis sweeping the globe,so that morecollege students employmentdifficult,this paper analyzesthe employment situation of university studentsfrom many aspects,in order tolet the studentsunderstand the currentsocial situation,the employment problemand thus a better solutionKeywords:Reason and Countermeasuresof difficult employment for University StudentsThe characteristics ofthe largestemployment of college students isthe totalincrease ingraduates,high,andemployment situation ofwhole andnot improved the status quois contradictory,the difficult employment of college studentshasbecome an indisputable fact,investigate its reason,mainly is thedislocation oftalent supply andmarket demand,and thegraduates'Comprehensive toimprove the quality of personnel training,is the key tosolvethe difficult problem ofemployment of university students difficult employmentsituationoftalent gapsolution