创业论文2000字论文英语翻译

Shall We Start Their Own Business?With the competition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce graduates， some ambitious students have tried their hands at launching their own Over the years， there have been many successful cases of student entrepreneurship and such attempts should be encouraged and promoted by both the universities and the society at Students who start businesses are pioneers， among whom will be born China’s future business Faced with unknown challenges， they are audacious enough to embark on a perilous journey while most of their peers enjoy stable salaries by working as white-collars at high-end office Nevertheless， they are the masters of their own destiny and， exposed to many more uncertainties and setbacks， they develop perseverance， stamina and the indomitable spirit that are indispensible to all the great Even if they fail， they are not down; they keep exploring for new business opportunities and work tirelessly until they As people of vision， of individual initiative， of leadership， and of creativity and innovation， they represent the future and the hope of a Not all college graduates are suitable for undertaking entrepreneurial To launch a business， one needs to have a sound business idea， a viable business plan， the charisma to create a cohesive team where members make concerted efforts for a common objective， effective managerial skills， and above all， the courage to compete against powerful rivals and ultimately to The essential difference between the students who become civic servants in government organizations or employees at leading domestic or multinational companies and those who create their own businesses is that the former are docile followers whereas the latter are aggressive For this reason， business-launching college graduates are more admirable， and thus they command our deep 我们该不该自己创业对于学生来说，随着就业市场上的竞争日趋白热化，某些雄心勃勃的学生已开始尝试着去自己创业。在过去几年中，已出现了诸多学生创业的成功案例，因此，此类尝试理应获得学校和整个社会的鼓励与推动。那些自己进行创业的学生可被视为先驱，在他们之中，将会诞生中国未来的商界领袖。尽管面对着许多未知的挑战，他们仍无所畏惧地踏上一条充斥着艰难险阻的征程。与此形成对比的是，他们的大多数同龄人却作为白领，在高端写字楼里上班，拿着稳定的薪水。但是，创业的学生才是其命运真正的主人。由于接触到更多的不确定性与挫折，他们形成了锲而不舍、坚忍不拔、顽强不屈的精神，所有这些品质都是杰出企业家所不可或缺的。即使他们失败，他们不会垮掉，他们会不断探索，寻找新的商机，不知疲倦地努力，直至成功。作为一个具有远见卓识、个人进取性、领导力、创造力和创新精神的群体，他们代表着一个国家的未来与希望。并非所有的大学毕业生都适合去从事创业项目。要想创业，必须要有一个好的商业点子，一个可行的商业规划，非凡的个人魅力以形成一个有凝聚力的团队，使团队成员们步调一致地去奋力实现共同的目标，以及有效的管理才华; 尤其是，需要有敢于与最强劲对手展开竞争、并最终取得胜利的勇气。那些成为政府机构里的公务员的学生，或者那些成为本土大企业或跨国公司的雇员的学生，与那些自己进行创业的学生相比，最本质的差别在于，前者是温顺的追随者，而后者则是奋发进取的探路者。正是基于这一原因，创业的大学毕业生们更令人钦佩，也因而赢得了我们深深的敬意。

Haiti Earthquake of 2010 March 19， 2010 A delegation of experts on human rights in Haiti prepares to testify before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on March The delegation will urge the Commission to formally investigate the human rights impact of post-earthquake aid in Haiti and guide donor States regarding their obligations when delivering — Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti March 19， 2010 In anticipation of the March 31 Donors' Conference on Haiti， over 300 NGOs from around the world sent a letter to donor states calling on them to embrace the human rights and dignity of all Haitians as the driving force behind international assistance in rebuilding H — Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti March 16， 2010 January’s earthquake has prompted hundreds of thousands of Haitians to leave Port-au-Prince， reversing a decades-long migration from the — NYT March 15， 2010 New Orleans Law School professor Jeanne M Woods draws on the experience of Hurricane Katrina to advocate for a "human rights approach" to aid for Haiti， which would provide Haitians with control over their own destiny and long-term support for their basic — Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti March 15， 2010 Successful and sustainable development projects require including the Haitian people themselves in the planning and But as Loune Viaud of Partners in Health and Monika Kalra Varma of the RFK Center for Human Rights observe， "Those who have the greatest stake in rebuilding Haiti， Haitians themselves， don’t now and never have had a real seat at the " — Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti March 12， 2010 Elderly Haitians find themselves distinctly vulnerable and emotionally burdened after January's — NYT March 9， 2010 In the aftermath of the earthquake， Haiti faces the added challenge of the growing number of amputees and other disabled victims of the There is a pressing need for prostheses and a rehabilitation infrastructure before it's too — Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti Table of Contents Overview Relief Efforts Haitian Government Response Earthquakes in the Caribbean Social Conditions in Haiti Americans Accused of Child Trafficking How to Help Complete Coverage Overview Updated: F 19， 2010 By THE NEW YORK TIMES A massive earthquake struck Haiti just before 5 on J 12， about 10 miles southwest of Port-au-Prince， the country's The quake was the worst in the region in more than 200 A study by the Inter-American Development Bank estimates that the cost could be between $2 billion to $2 billion， based on a death toll from 200，000 to 250，

机械专业英语论文2000字及其翻译

Abstract— Cobots是连续地使用机器人的类开发高保真度可编程序的variable传输 constraint表面。 Cobots消耗很少电能，既使当提供高产力量和他们的传输横跨各种各样是非常有效率的transmission比率。 Cobotic传输也有能力 to作为闸或变得完全地自由。设计 Cobotic手控制器的and表现，最近a developed六程度自由触觉显示，被回顾。 This设备说明高力学范围和低功率 consumption可达成由cobots。彻底的比较 the一个cobotic系统的出力效率对常规提供electro-mechanical系统。机器人技术的Three关键要求使用为 prosthetics和修复是低重量，低功率 consumption和安全。我们提出cobotic技术作为a 可能论及所有这些问题的transmission建筑学。 Cobots是运用nonholonomic限制的机器人 of 操纵轮子关连相对速度 mechanism链接。 cobotic传输连续地是a variable传输(CVT)在正面和阴性之间 ratios，并且能关连二平移速度，二 rotational速度或者对平移的旋转的速度 velocity [1]。我们最近介绍了Cobotic手 Controller (图 1)， a 供给动力的六程度自由 cobot和描述它的能力作为一个触觉接口[2， 3]。通过本文路线，我们显示出， mechanical 建筑学并且传输使用在 Cobotic手控制器地址全部三在上面机器人学的mentioned要求的弭补科和

这里有很多的，你可以找下有没有?我找了好长时间才找到的哦中文免费论文地址集锦一、综合类 1、蓝之韵论文门类较全。 2、学生大论文中心 3、蜂朝无忧论文网门类很全。 4、论文下载中心门类很全。 5、论文帝国二、教育类 1、教研论文交流中心以中小学教育为主，基础教育、英语教学文章居多。 2、教育教学论文网以教育论文为主，包含：语文论文美术论文物理论文化学论文英语论文历史论文德育论文教学论文数学论文音乐论文生物论文自然论文体育论文地理论文摄影论文劳动技术农村教育毕业论文素质论文医学论文电子电器学思维科学计算机论文活动课教学书法篆刻论文创新教育研究心理健康教育西部教育论文信息技术论文 3、教育论文 -/asp 4、中国园丁网论文大观 5、北大附小学校教师的文章：三、专业类 1、优秀论文杂志以科技类为主。 2、论文资料网以财经经济管理类为主。 3、法律图书馆 -/ 文如其名。 4、法学论文资料库 -/lw/ 文如其名。 5、中国总经理网论文集 6、mba职业经理人论坛 7、中国农业在线-农业论文 8、体育论文 9、财经学位论文下载中心 10、公开发表论文_深圳证券交易所 11、中国路桥资讯网论文资料中心 12、论文商务中心 13、法律帝国：四、论文写作教学类 1、学术论文其实是学术论文的写作网站。五、博硕士论文 1、论文统计实际上就是万方的论文统计。 2、台湾博硕士论文咨讯网 3、北京大学学位论文样本收藏 4、学位论文（清华大学） ] 中国科技论文在线论文中国 : 新浪论文网分类:_dir/jy/lw/ 中国论文联盟: 大学生论文库论文资料网: 论文下载中心: 毕业论文网: 学位论文: 无忧论文网: 北京语言文化大学论文库:

3) 泵找平后，垫铁组应露出底座10～30mm。地脚螺栓两侧的垫铁组，每块垫铁伸入泵底座底面的长度，均应超过地脚螺栓，且应保证泵的底座受力均衡。若泵底座的底面与垫铁接触宽度不够时，垫铁组放置的位置应保证底座坐落在垫铁组承压面的中部。After the pump is leveled， the shim plates sets shall be 10~30mm exposed out of the As for the shim plates sets at both sides of anchor bolts， the insertion length of each shim plate under the pump baseplate shall exceed the position of anchor bolts， and shall assure the even stress imposed to pump If the contact width of pump baseplate and shim plate is not enough， the position of shim plate must assure that the base plate is seated on the middle of shim plate bearing 我能和你找到，加我扣扣号---我的名字号

英语专业翻译毕业论文创新性

英语翻译水平不够，翻译都难，更别提创新了，建议找清北医学翻译给你润色一下，然后在去投。

我也是英语专业的，也在写毕业论文。除了文学类和翻译类还有其他可以写的。你学的每个课程和英语听说读写译中任何一部分都可以独立成提。甚至你看的感兴趣的电影亦可以。我的都通过了开题报告，开始写了。

Abstract: Bachelors’ degree thesis is one of the important teaching However， at present， the major problem in graduation thesis on translation studies is lack of innovative thinking and practice， and the same is true for graduation thesis on linguistics， literature， cultural studies， Therefore， it is urgent to conduct The author has attempted some changes， and better result has been This paper deals with the necessity of the changes， what and how to reform and the ways to cultivate the students’ innovation ability， and to inspire this kind of teaching in the 　　Key words: translation practice， translation commentary， innovation ability　　　　毕业论文，是大学本科教学的最后一个环节，是对整个大学阶段学习的回顾与总结，是学生综合能力的体现。对于外语专业的学生来说，论文写作更是语言及相关科学研究的一次基本训练，是学习深化与升华的重要过程。它既是学生学习、研究与实践的全面总结，又是对学生综合素质与实践能力的一次全面检验。　　近年来，我国高校外语专业在教学改革、提高教学质量、课程设置以及教学方法等方面都进行了大量的探索和研究，成果卓越。但在本科英语专业毕业论文这一领域还未见正式的调查与研究。毕业论文的撰写、指导与答辩是大学英语专业毕业前的一项重大的教学活动，也是《中华人民共和国学位条例》规定的大学本科教育的必要环节。目前，教育部又把毕业论文列为英语专业评估的重要指标，然而现状却令人担忧。本文作者在指导英语专业学生的毕业论文时，进行了改革尝试，收到了较好的效果。　　　　英语专业翻译选题毕业论文存在的问题：缺乏创新性　　　　目前，英语专业翻译选题毕业论文存在的最大问题是缺乏创新性，主要由于以下几个方面的原因：　　　　1 选题　　根据历年来学生毕业论文的统计，写文学的论文最多，这不仅仅是某一届的个别现象，往届情形亦如此，而且其它院校也有类似现象。这与文学的影响、文学的吸引力、文学课开课的多少都有关系，但是，还有一个很重要的原因是文学的资料多而且相对好查、好懂，由于文学方面学生可参考的文献丰富，因此，论文就会写得丰满、顺利一些。所以，文学类的毕业论文较多。而翻译类、教学类和文化类的论文相对较少，这是因为这些方面的参考资料有的太专业，抽象难懂，有的研究涉及大量的数据收集和统计，甚至需要教学实验来验证，这些都使学生望而却步。　　　　2 参考资料　　随着教育和科技的发展，参考资料、报刊杂志的数量和来源比从前有了极大的提高和改善，几乎所有的学生都能利用这些资源。一半以上的同学利用网上资源获得自己论文中所需要的理论依据和参考资料。参考和运用一切可接触到的资料是撰写论文的重要过程，但如何从中筛选出自己需要的信息，并通过分析吸收到自己的论文中，很多同学一片茫然。大多数学生的论文一半以上是完全借助他人的文章。　　　　3 就业压力大　　多数学生急于出去找工作，还有一部分学生忙于读书准备参加研究生的考试和复试，所以静不下心来认真撰写论文。现在社会上不诚信、弄虚作假的负面影响学生难以逃避，外加又不愿意辛苦跑书店、图书馆去阅读参考文献，在网上东拼西凑一篇应付，难免有抄袭嫌疑。　　以上的问题造成的同一结果是：英语专业毕业论文缺乏创新性，这种现象不仅仅存在于翻译选题的毕业论文中，文学、语言学、教学法、跨文化交际类选题毕业论文也存在着缺乏创新性的问题。　　　　创新性改革尝试　　　　1 创新性毕业论文的必要性　　本科毕业论文是为了获取学士学位而撰写的论文。本科阶段教育的目的是为更高层次教育打下基础和为社会各行各业输送各类高素质的专业人才。而高素质的主要内涵之一是创新意识和创新能力。因此培养学生的创新意识和创新能力自然应是素质教育的核心。（王崇义，2004：74）对于学生来说，设计完成一篇毕业论文的过程就是培养其创新意识和创新能力的过程。　　通过大学本科阶段的学习，尤其是通过近200个学时的笔译与口译的理论学习与实践，学生们已经接受了不少翻译专业知识，或者说在翻译领域的基础知识方面“读”了一些书。然而，这种学习和读书在某种程度上说还只是被动的，甚至缺乏归纳、整理地吸收他人创造的知识。学习者能否对所学到的知识进行归纳、整理、分析，能否在前人创造的知识的基础上有自己的新的认识和发现，并将这种认识和发现以一种可易时易地的方式与人进行交流，就取决于其撰写论文的能力。　　撰写毕业论文是学用结合的大好时机，是培养科学、严谨、诚实的治学态度的过程。作为文科专业，尤其是外语专业，教师撰写具有创新性的论文尚且很难，更不要说本科生了；另外，由于学生们的自主学习的能力培养方面较薄弱，这方面的意志淡薄，认识不够深刻，在毕业前夕，还没有达到独立自主解决问题的程度；部分学生本身的知识结构，或者说相关的基础知识比较贫乏，语言运用能力、表达能力不强。所以，很难有个人的想法，为了完成任务，就只好主要依赖于参考资料。还由于绝大多数学生都没有学术论文写作的经历，或者说没有科研感性认识，因而不知道如何具体一步一步地完成一篇毕业论文。　　改革毕业论文是当务之急，引导学生学用结合，培养独立的学习能力，是改革毕业论文的主要目的。

最简单的事用金山词霸翻译

英语论文2000字带翻译怎么样

time have been to sift out the

next and the joy of the game of livin

秘书学的论文很多。但是收费的不要吗？

Macroeconomics is a sub-field of economics that examines the behavior of the economy as a whole， once all of the individual economic decisions of companies and industries have been Economy-wide phenomena considered by macroeconomics include Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and how it is affected by changes in unemployment， national income， rate of growth， and price In contrast， microeconomics is the study of the economic behaviour and decision-making of individual consumers， firms， and Macroeconomics can be used to analyze how to influence government policy goals such as economic growth， price stability， full employment and the attainment of a sustainable balance of Macroeconomics is sometimes used to refer to a general approach to economic reasoning， which includes long term strategies and rational expectations in aggregate Until the 1930s most economic analysis did not separate out individual economics behavior from aggregate With the Great Depression of the 1930s， suffered throughout the developed world at the time， and the development of the concept of national income and product statistics， the field of macroeconomics began to Particularly influential were the ideas of John Maynard Keynes， who formulated theories to try to explain the Great D Before that time， comprehensive national accounts， as we know them today， did not exist One of the challenges of economics has been a struggle to reconcile macroeconomic and microeconomic Starting in the 1950s， macroeconomists developed micro-based models of macroeconomic behavior (such as the consumption function) Dutch economist Jan Tinbergen developed the first comprehensive national macroeconomic model， which he first built for the Netherlands and later applied to the United States and the United Kingdom after World War II The first global macroeconomic model， Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates LINK project， was initiated by Lawrence Klein and was mentioned in his citation for the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in Theorists such as Robert Lucas Jr suggested (in the 1970s) that at least some traditional Keynesian (after British economist John Maynard Keynes) macroeconomic models were questionable as they were not derived from assumptions about individual behavior， although it was not clear whether the failures were in microeconomic assumptions or in macroeconomic However， New Keynesian macroeconomics has generally presented microeconomic models to shore up their macroeconomic theorizing， and some Keynesians have contested the idea that microeconomic foundations are essential， if the model is analytically An analogy might be that the fact that quantum phisics is not fully consistent with relativity theory doesn´t mean that realtivity is Many important microeconomic assumptions have never been proved， and some have proved The various schools of thought are not always in direct competition with one another - even though they sometimes reach differing Macroeconomics is an ever evolving area of The goal of economic research is not to be "right，" but rather to be It is likely that none of the current schools of economic thought perfectly capture the workings of the They do， however， each contribute a small piece of the overall As one learns more about each school of thought， it is possible to combine aspects of each in order to reach an informed The traditional distinction is between two different approaches to economics: Keynesian economics， focusing on demand; and supply-side (or neo-classical) economics， focusing on Neither view is typically endorsed to the complete exclusion of the other， but most schools do tend clearly to emphasize one or the other as a theoretical • Keynesian economics focuses on aggregate demand to explain levels of unemployment and the business That is， business cycle fluctuations should be reduced through fiscal policy (the government spends more or less depending on the situation) and monetary Early Keynesian macroeconomics was "activist，" calling for regular use of policy to stabilize the capitalist economy， while some Keynesians called for the use of incomes • Supply-side economics delineates quite clearly the roles of monetary policy and fiscal The focus for monetary policy should be purely on the price of money as determined by the supply of money and the demand for It advocates a monetary policy that directly targets the value of money and does not target interest rates at Typically the value of money is measured by reference to gold or some other The focus of fiscal policy is to raise revenue for worthy government investments with a clear recognition of the impact that taxation has on domestic It places heavy emphasis on Say's law， which states that recessions do not occur because of failure in demand or lack of • Monetarism， led by Milton Friedman， which holds that inflation is always and everywhere a monetary It rejects fiscal policy because it leads to "crowding out" of the private Further， it does not wish to combat inflation or deflation by means of active demand management as in Keynesian economics， but by means of monetary policy rules， such as keeping the rate of growth of the money supply constant over • New Keynesian economics， which developed partly in response to new classical economics， strives to provide microeconomic foundations to Keynesian economics by showing how imperfect markets can justify demand • Austrian economics is a laissez-faire school of It focuses on the business cycle that arises from government or central-bank interference that leads to deviations from the natural rate of • Post-Keynesian economics represents a dissent from mainstream Keynesian economics， emphasizing the role of uncertainty and the historical process in • New classical The original theoretical impetus was the charge that Keynesian economics lacks microeconomic foundations -- its assertions are not founded in basic economic This school emerged during the This school asserts that it does not make sense to claim that the economy at any time might be "out-of-equilibrium" Fluctuations in aggregate variables follow from the individuals in the society continuously re-optimizing as new information on the state of the world is Later yielded an explicit school which argued that macro-economics does not have micro-economic foundations， but is instead the tool of studying economic systems at 宏观经济学是一种分场经济学的行为，研究是在整个经济中，一旦所有的个人的经济决策，为公司和产业被。宏观经济学认为经济现象包括国内生产总值(GDP)以及它是如何变化影响失业的国民收入的)经济成长率、价格水平。相反，微观经济学研究的就是经济行为和决策的个体消费者，公司和行业。宏观经济学可以用来分析如何影响政府的政策的目标，比如经济增长，价格稳定，充分就业和获取可持续国际收支差额。宏观经济学有时用来指一个经济理论的主要途径，包括长期战略的期望和理性综合行为。直到30年代为止，大部分的经济分析没有独立的个人经济综合行为举止。与1930年代的经济大萧条，遭受了在所有发达国家，发展国民收入的概念和产品的统计数据，但是研究领域的宏观经济学开始扩展。具有特殊影响力的想法是，约翰•梅纳德凯恩斯理论，努力向他们解释制定了经济大萧条。在那时候，综合国民经济核算，如同我们知道他们今天，是不存在的。经济学的一个挑战是一场斗争调和宏观经济政策和微观经济政策，模型。开始于20世纪50年代，macroeconomists发达micro-based模型的宏观经济行为(如消费函数)。1月Tinbergen荷兰经济学家第一个全面发展国家宏观经济模型，该模型他第一次建成为荷兰和后应用于美国和英国二战之后。第一个全球宏观经济模型，沃顿计量预测伙伴联系工程项目，发生在劳伦斯发起克莱恩和被提及他的嘉奖经济学诺贝尔经济学奖1980年。理论家如罗伯特·卢卡斯认为(是在上世纪70年代)，认为至少有一些传统的凯恩斯(英国经济学家约翰梅纳德凯恩斯)宏观经济模型都是可疑的，因为他们不是来源于假设的个人行为，虽然现在还不清楚这些失败在微观经济的假定，或是对宏观经济模型。然而，最新凯恩斯主义的宏观微观模型提出了大致以支持他们的宏观经济理论有争议，一些凯恩斯主义者的想法，微观经济基础是必要的，如果模型是分析有用的。打个比方可能是，这样的事实，即量子phisics并不完全符合相对论´，并不代表没有realtivity是假的。许多重要的微观经济假设从来没有被证明，而有些人的证明是错误的。各种各样的思想学派并不总是在彼此的直接竞争，尽管他们有时会达到不同的结论。宏观经济学是一种前所未有的领域的研究。研究经济学的目标不是"正确"，而是是精确的。很有可能是学校目前尚无一个经济思想完全捕捉运作方式的经济。不过，他们的贡献每一小块整体难题。当你学会更多关于每个思想学派，它能把方面的每一个为了达到一个通知的合成。传统的区别是留给经济学两种不同的方法，重点凯恩斯经济学和供方需求;(或古典)经济学、关注供应。也都是典型的观点完全排除其他，但大多数学校都往往清晰地强调一个或另一个是的理论基础。•凯恩斯经济学交融在总需求，以解释失业率和商业周期。商业周期波动，应减少通过财政政策(政府花费或多或少根据实际情况)和货币政策。早期凯恩斯主义的宏观经济学是“活动家，定期使用《召唤的政策稳定资本主义经济，虽然有些凯恩斯主义要求使用收入政策。•供给的经济学的作用很明显地在当前货币政策与财政政策。关注于货币政策应该是完全对价格的钱所确定的货币供应的需求的特点，为了金钱。它提倡货币政策，直接目标钱的价值，不目标利率。典型的钱的价值在于用参考金或其他参考。财政政策的重点是提高政府农业投资价值的收入为一个明确的认识税收的影响在国内贸易。它设置了过度强调了说的法律，它表明不会发生经济衰退需求下降、因为没有缺钱。•货币主义的带领下，由弗里德曼，认为始终通货膨胀是一种货币现象。财政政策拒绝，因为会导致“挤退”的私人生活。此外，它不希望对抗通货膨胀或通货紧缩采用主动需求管理在凯恩斯经济学，通过货币政策规则，即坚持的增长速度恒定的钱。凯恩斯•新经济发达的部分原因是为了适应新古典经济学、致力于提供凯恩斯现代经济学的微观经济基础显示出了市场的不完善就能名正言顺的需求管理等。•奥地利经济学是个自由放任主义的学校的宏观经济。它侧重于商业周期，而政府或中央银行的干扰导致偏离自然失业率的兴趣。•Post-Keynesian经济学所代表了凯恩斯经济学主流的作用，强调历史过程中不确定性和宏观经济。•新古典经济学。原理论动力的费用是凯恩斯经济学缺乏有效的微观经济基础——亦即其断言不成立于基本经济理论。这所学校出现在20世纪70年代。这所学校断言它是没有道理的主张经济会随时out-of-equilibrium”。波动的总变量遵从的在这个社会的个人不断re-optimizing新信息的状态的世界就会显现出来。后来取得了一个显式学校一样，认为宏观经济学没有微观经济基础，反而学习经济系统的工具在平衡。

英语论文2000字带翻译怎么写

[参考文献] [1 ]Bronte ，C Jane Eyre [M] London :Oxford University P [2 ]Danks ，Joseph H Cognitive Process in Translationand Interpreting[M] Sage Publications I [3 ]Nida ，Eugene A On Translation[M] 谭载喜译，中国对外翻译出版公司， [4 ]戴浩一时间顺序和汉语的语序[ J ] 国外语言学， 1988 ， (1) [5 ]戴浩一以认知为基础的汉语功能语法刍议[J ] 国外语言学，1990 ， (4) [6 ]吕叔湘汉语语法分析问题[M] 商务印书馆， [7 ]吕叔湘语文杂记[M] 上海教育出版社， [8 ]马秉义英汉主语差异初探[J ] 外国语，1995 ， (5) [9 ]谢信一汉语中的时间和意象[J ] 国外语言学，1991 ， (4)

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