期刊投稿百科

有关医学论文英文翻译的文章标题

发布时间:2024-07-17 11:46:35

有关医学论文英文翻译的文章标题

迅速围观,求详细解释

[摘要]根据自己在编审医学论文英文摘要工作中的实际经验,总结和归纳在翻译医学论文摘要时应注意的问题及使用的方法、策略,重点论述医学论文英文摘要的写作格式、文章标题的表达方式、语态和时态的使用、长难句翻译等。  [关键词]医学论文;英语摘要;写作;翻译  为繁荣医学教育,提高医疗水平,传播医学知识,促进同国外的医学交流,推动医学科学的进步,我国目前已出版发行了数百种医学期刊。为了方便论文的检索和查阅,保持同国外医学期刊的一致性,医学论文大多要求书写中、英文摘要。笔者在医学期刊的英文编辑工作中发现,相当一部分摘要的书写不够规范,部分作者在遇到长句及疑难句子时就不知从何下手,有的将检索的外文资料生搬硬抄,同自己的原文完全不对应。笔者特撰写此文,以期对提高广大医务工作者书写英文摘要的水平、提高医学论文的质量有所帮助。  1 英文摘要的写作格式  医学论文摘要的格式目前主要采用结构式摘要(structured abstract),它是由加拿大Mc Master大学临床流行病学和生物统计学教授Haynes博士[1]于1990年4月首先提出的。而几乎在同年,美国《内科学纪事》(Annals of Internal Medicine'Ann Intern Med)在国际上率先应用结构式摘要[2],随之,世界各国的医学期刊都采用了结构式摘要[3]。这些结构式摘要有8段式、7段式、6段式、5段式、4段式及3段式等,内容主要包括研究目的、研究设计、研究单位、研究对象或病人、处理方法、检测方法、结果及结论共8项。而在实际应用中,8段式结构式摘要逐渐简化为4段式。我国大多数医学期刊都采用了4段式结构式摘要,即目的、方法、结果和结论。(1)目的(objective):简要说明研究的目的,表明研究的范围、内容和重要性,常常涵盖文章的标题内容。(2)方法(methods):简要说明研究课题的设计思路,使用何种材料和方法,如何对照分组,如何处理数据等。(3)结果(results):简要介绍研究的主要结果和数据,有何新发现,说明其价值及局限。此外,还要给出结果的置信值,统计学显著性检验的确切值。(4)结论(conclusion):简要对以上的研究结果进行分析或讨论,并进行总结,给出符合科学规律的结论。为了更好地说明问题,我们来看下例:(1)目的:探讨螺旋CT(SCT)对结、直肠癌术前分期的价值。(2)方法:51例疑诊结、直肠肿瘤的患者行SCT扫描,扫描前清洁肠道,并经直肠注气,扫描范围从膈顶至耻骨联合。51例中,41例经直肠镜或手术病理证实为结、直肠癌,其中31例有手术、SCT等完整资料参与分期研究,将影像诊断与手术病理结果进行对照。(3)结果:SCT总的分期准确率为1%(18/31),判断T分期的准确率为4%(27/32)'N分期的准确率为3%(19/31)。评价肿瘤浆膜外侵犯的敏感性和特异性分别为9%和0%。(4)结论:SCT扫描对结、直肠癌的术前分期有重要价值,有助于判断肿瘤浆膜外侵犯及区域淋巴结和远处转移情况。其对应的英文摘要为:(1)Objective:To evaluate spiral CT (SCT) in the preoperative staging of colorectal (2)Methods:Fifty?one patients suspicious of having colorectal carcinoma underwent spiral CT scans performed from the dome of the diaphragm to symphysis pubica after cleansing enema and rectal air 41 of the 51 patients were proved to have colorectal carcinoma by colonoscopy and/or The findings of SCT of 31 patients treated with surgery were compared with the surgical pathological examination for (3)Results:The overall accuracy rate of SCT staging was 1%(18/31) For evaluation of T staging and N staging'the accuracy rates were 4%(27/32) and 3%(19/31) Sensitivity and specificity for serosal infiltration were 9% and 0%(4)Conclusion:SCT scan'playing a significant role in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinoma'is useful to detect the serosal infiltration'lymph node and distant 上述摘要中英文对应准确,叙述简练,基本上概括了全文的主要内容,便于专家和编辑的审稿和校对,也便于医务工作者以及普通读者的查阅和检索。

Understanding of nucleoside antiviral drug adverse reaction, promote the rational use of nucleoside antiviral drugs, ensure patients' safety, effective, Methods: collect seaside Hospital Department of infectious diseases in 2006 August to 2011 September application of antiviral nucleosides anti-hepatitis B virus therapy in 54 patients were analyzed, combined with data from the literature, discuss the adverse reactions of nucleoside antiviral Results: nucleoside antiviral drug adverse reaction may prevent and control, should take the patient medication in the process of clinical Conclusion: nucleoside antiviral drug adverse reaction should cause clinician to take

有关医学论文英文翻译的文章

食道心脏按压。该高分辨率测压彩图来自一名吞咽困难且充血性心衰患者。患者食管上括约肌(UES)、食管下括约肌(LES)与食管运动功能正常。离鼻孔36-45cm处静息压增高,随心律有节律变化,表明其源自心脏。这表明单一传感器或传感器组可能出现异常。因此,单一信号通道或相邻通道可出现功能失常。图43显示由传感器异常导致的一系列伪相,该模式表明需对导管实施维修或置换。图44表明覆盖食管的卫生鞘内空气的蠕动顺序。最后一句的意思还需要再推敲以后有类似问题直接登录鑫达医学翻译与他们的在线客服进行沟通即可。百度搜索鑫达医学翻译即可

心脏压迫食管。这颜色的等值线是人力资源管理的记录,来自于患者吞咽困难和充血性心力衰竭。有正常的运动机能的事务,苹果,和食管。大约36一个45厘米之间有一个从时鼻孔区压力升高intaesophageal休息心率变化的节奏,表明它是心脏的起源。意味着单一传感器或一组可能会失败。因此,一个通道,或一系列的邻近信道不得F43shows生产各种器物传感器失效。在显示导管模式需要维修或更换。演示了一个蠕动顺序与空气在卫生鞘覆盖导管。这幅画被看到,当空气导管及鞘之间通过迫使远蠕动,试图对护套。

心脏压缩食管这使得人力资源管理色彩轮廓记录从病人吞咽困难和充血性失败这些是正常的运动功能的使用,辅导,和调整,约36到45厘米之间从鼻孔有一个区高架休息intaesophageal压力变化节奏的心率,表明它是心脏的来源。是指单一传感器或一组可能失败。因此,一个单一的通道,或一系列相邻的渠道可能不43shows各种文物所产生的传感器here模式表明导管需要修理或更换。演示了一个蠕动序列与空气中的卫生套,涵盖了his图片是当空气被困之间的导管鞘远端蠕动迫使迫使鞘。

去PubMed检索,列表后面有fulltext提示,部分新发布的论文免费提供全文。旧刊全文收费不便宜,一篇几美金到20多美金不等。

有关医学论文英文翻译的文章怎么写

[摘要]根据自己在编审医学论文英文摘要工作中的实际经验,总结和归纳在翻译医学论文摘要时应注意的问题及使用的方法、策略,重点论述医学论文英文摘要的写作格式、文章标题的表达方式、语态和时态的使用、长难句翻译等。  [关键词]医学论文;英语摘要;写作;翻译  为繁荣医学教育,提高医疗水平,传播医学知识,促进同国外的医学交流,推动医学科学的进步,我国目前已出版发行了数百种医学期刊。为了方便论文的检索和查阅,保持同国外医学期刊的一致性,医学论文大多要求书写中、英文摘要。笔者在医学期刊的英文编辑工作中发现,相当一部分摘要的书写不够规范,部分作者在遇到长句及疑难句子时就不知从何下手,有的将检索的外文资料生搬硬抄,同自己的原文完全不对应。笔者特撰写此文,以期对提高广大医务工作者书写英文摘要的水平、提高医学论文的质量有所帮助。  1 英文摘要的写作格式  医学论文摘要的格式目前主要采用结构式摘要(structured abstract),它是由加拿大Mc Master大学临床流行病学和生物统计学教授Haynes博士[1]于1990年4月首先提出的。而几乎在同年,美国《内科学纪事》(Annals of Internal Medicine'Ann Intern Med)在国际上率先应用结构式摘要[2],随之,世界各国的医学期刊都采用了结构式摘要[3]。这些结构式摘要有8段式、7段式、6段式、5段式、4段式及3段式等,内容主要包括研究目的、研究设计、研究单位、研究对象或病人、处理方法、检测方法、结果及结论共8项。而在实际应用中,8段式结构式摘要逐渐简化为4段式。我国大多数医学期刊都采用了4段式结构式摘要,即目的、方法、结果和结论。(1)目的(objective):简要说明研究的目的,表明研究的范围、内容和重要性,常常涵盖文章的标题内容。(2)方法(methods):简要说明研究课题的设计思路,使用何种材料和方法,如何对照分组,如何处理数据等。(3)结果(results):简要介绍研究的主要结果和数据,有何新发现,说明其价值及局限。此外,还要给出结果的置信值,统计学显著性检验的确切值。(4)结论(conclusion):简要对以上的研究结果进行分析或讨论,并进行总结,给出符合科学规律的结论。为了更好地说明问题,我们来看下例:(1)目的:探讨螺旋CT(SCT)对结、直肠癌术前分期的价值。(2)方法:51例疑诊结、直肠肿瘤的患者行SCT扫描,扫描前清洁肠道,并经直肠注气,扫描范围从膈顶至耻骨联合。51例中,41例经直肠镜或手术病理证实为结、直肠癌,其中31例有手术、SCT等完整资料参与分期研究,将影像诊断与手术病理结果进行对照。(3)结果:SCT总的分期准确率为1%(18/31),判断T分期的准确率为4%(27/32)'N分期的准确率为3%(19/31)。评价肿瘤浆膜外侵犯的敏感性和特异性分别为9%和0%。(4)结论:SCT扫描对结、直肠癌的术前分期有重要价值,有助于判断肿瘤浆膜外侵犯及区域淋巴结和远处转移情况。其对应的英文摘要为:(1)Objective:To evaluate spiral CT (SCT) in the preoperative staging of colorectal (2)Methods:Fifty?one patients suspicious of having colorectal carcinoma underwent spiral CT scans performed from the dome of the diaphragm to symphysis pubica after cleansing enema and rectal air 41 of the 51 patients were proved to have colorectal carcinoma by colonoscopy and/or The findings of SCT of 31 patients treated with surgery were compared with the surgical pathological examination for (3)Results:The overall accuracy rate of SCT staging was 1%(18/31) For evaluation of T staging and N staging'the accuracy rates were 4%(27/32) and 3%(19/31) Sensitivity and specificity for serosal infiltration were 9% and 0%(4)Conclusion:SCT scan'playing a significant role in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinoma'is useful to detect the serosal infiltration'lymph node and distant 上述摘要中英文对应准确,叙述简练,基本上概括了全文的主要内容,便于专家和编辑的审稿和校对,也便于医务工作者以及普通读者的查阅和检索。

提出了进行系统可有效控制的频率和振幅对光圈的假 声门是否有震动。最后,对于肺的机理,提出了验证是否能有效提高空气转换效率 采用新设计。为了这个目的,我们已经定义了空气转换效率如图所示的情绪智商。(1)。 哪里是空气流量和V肺容积。嘴唇和吐音机制 关于吐音的嘴唇,我们已经程序化的机制,WF-4RIV吹注量的攻击 时间。攻击的时间是通过测量空气流量时的注意(A4)。在图12,攻击的笛子 听着,由专业的WF-4RIII 1982和WF-4RIV如下所示。在这个案例中,专业1982 测量时间30岁的攻击。同时,攻击的时间是由WF-4RIV更类似于人类 一个较WF-4RIII(20 ms - 120 ms)。 此外,我们还测量了声强水平的声音而产生的长笛演奏一样 注意几次[10]。介绍了的声音强度(体积)范围内模仿分贝耳朵的回应。 它是如图13、声形的声音是由WF-4RIV产生平滑而产生的 WF-4RIII,多亏了改进的吐音系统。 颤音机制, 从音乐文学,已经有很长一段时间的讨论如何产生flutists颤音。几个 研究人员指出,是专门生产颤音的喉咙。然而,其他人则提出了隔膜 作为主要的参考资料。在特殊情况下,置于实验的生产公司加特纳腹颤音中 地区活动和一些相关的声门下5赫兹的频率(低),仅在喉部为更高的频率 (通常为5至7赫兹)。从这些观察[2]的基础上,他表示,隔膜不能产生的颤音 喉咙颤音是由周期性的扩大、缩小到声带。 因此,对生产更多的人形机器人的颤音,1982进行实验来确定的 设计机制的有效性的生产这样的颤音。提议的实验是关注的焦点之一 在验证设计相结合,声带是否能够有效控制振动添加到空气中 来自肺部。特别是,咽喉颤音是以两参数的频率和振幅。, 这个目的,我们已经打了WF-4RIV;而不同的音符A4大小的孔的 在一个不断声门是否有震动频率(4赫兹)以及不同频率的缝隙中,从两赫兹声门是否有震动9赫兹。在 FFig。14,结果不同的振幅孔边玩边的声门是否有震动笔记A4如下所示。振动 频率是常数(4)和幅度回路的振幅控制设定光圈的声门是否有震动 一幅2毫米(小振幅)和一幅8毫米高振幅)。作为一个结果,振幅的 周围产生声音被吹87分贝,分别为3分贝(实际上,颤音机理的基础上WF-4RIII[13] 能有效地复制振幅最多2 dB型硅碳棒)。从这个结果,我们可以确定不同的振幅的影响 对光圈的声门是否有震动采用而喉部声带颤音。另一方面,不同的结果 声门是否有震动给出的频率如图15玩耍时注意A4纸。频率的缝隙中。声门是否有震动 控制,2、4和9赫兹(实际上,颤音机理的基础上WF-4RIII[13]频率可以有效地再现了 7赫兹)。在这次试验中,我们计算了振动频率的声音;测量频率 为2、3和5赫兹。从这个结果,我们可以确定不同频率的影响的光圈 采用声门是否有震动的声带。

这个简单啊。你可以到PubMed中下载。输入关键词,然后检索即可。

心脏压迫食管。这颜色的等值线是人力资源管理的记录,来自于患者吞咽困难和充血性心力衰竭。有正常的运动机能的事务,苹果,和食管。大约36一个45厘米之间有一个从时鼻孔区压力升goal休息心率变化的节奏,表明它是心脏的起源。意味着单一传感器或一组可能会失败。因此,一个通道,或一系列的邻近信道不得F43shows生产各种器物传感器失效。在显示导管模式需要维修或更换。

有关汽车的文章或论文标题英文翻译

让你同学帮你在一些高校的图书馆里找,那里都有电子档的

Rear-end Collisions Rear-end Collisions, in which one vehicle runs into the back of another, can be treated in the same way as head-on collisions, except that the closing speed is the difference between the two speeds, and, while the occupants of the striking car suffer a frontal impact similar to that experienced in head-on collisions and tend to travel forward with respect to the car, those in the struck car tend to travel backwards relative to the car and therefore apply forces to the back of the Impacts with Walls In impacts of cars with walls, at all angles of approach( the angle between long axis of vehicle and wall) more than about 40°(see F1), the impact is effectively a head-on collision, though less severe than impacts at angles approaching 90°, and the front-seat occupants move towards the The velocity of impact with the windscreen, steering assembly or instrument panel decreases as the angle of approach becomes smaller, but is greatly influenced by the coefficient of friction between the car and the wall; for example, when the coefficient changes from 25 to 5( approximately from a wooden surface to a concrete wall), the impact velocities of the occupants on the interior of the car are approximately After impact the car may rotate towards or away from the wall-towards the wall if friction with the wall is low, and/or the angle of approach is small, and away from it when the friction is high, and/or the angle of approach is 4 Intersection Collisions Almost all intersection car collisions involve a striking and a struck The striking car suffers mainly frontal impact, and the struck car a side In most such accidents the paths of the two cars are at right angles, probably at a crossroads or T The struck car is usually moving more slowly than the striking In one investigation about 50 per cent of the struck cars were judged to be travelling at less than 2omile/h(32km/h), and in about 60 percent the angles between colliding vehicles were about 90°。车尾碰撞 所谓车尾碰撞,即其中一辆车撞到另一辆车的车尾,可以用对待车头对撞一样的方式处理,除了闭合速度(好像是和排挡有关)是两者之间速度间的差别,同时碰撞的汽车驾驶者遭受正面撞击类似经历的正面碰撞的汽车,那些被困住的车会向后倒车,因此强加力于后座。 与墙体的影响 在汽车的影响与墙,在各个角度的办法(之间的夹角长轴车和墙)超过约40 ° (见F1 )的影响,实际上是一个迎头相撞,但不是那么严重的影响角度接近90 ° ,和前座乘员朝着挡风玻璃。 速度的影响与挡风玻璃,方向盘组装或仪表板随角度的办法变小,但影响较大的摩擦系数之间的汽车和墙;例如,当变化系数从25到5 (大约从一个木制表面的混凝土墙) ,速度的影响的住户的室内汽车大约增加了一倍。 影响后车可旋转的或远离墙对墙摩擦,如果墙上低,和/或角的做法是小国,并远离它时,摩擦是很高,和/或角做法是大。 第4交叉口碰撞 几乎所有的汽车碰撞交汇涉及一个突出和一个击中汽车。汽车的罢工主要是受到锋面影响,并击中车侧的影响。在大多数这类事故的道路两辆赛车都成直角,可能在一个十字路口或Tjunction 。该组织通常是赛车运动更为缓慢的惊人车。在一个调查,百分之五十的击中汽车被认为是行驶不到2omile /小时( 32公里每小时) ,并在大约百分之六十之间的角度相撞车辆约90 ° 。 语法绝对没问题的 谢谢采纳

The society entered the information network time, the people no longer satisfy to the automobile request one kind of riding instead of walking tool, hoped the automobile is the life and the operating region one kind extends, on automobile on elephant in own office and family same work and At the same time, the automobile computerization also day by day rapidly develops, was considered is in an automobile technological development advancement revolution, the automobile computerization degree is weighs by regarding as the modern automobile level the important But along with the computer technology, the communication technology, the integrated circuit technology rapid development, take the numeral field bus as representative's scene measuring appliance, the equipment massive applications, a tedious scene segment bed sheet succinct field bus network replaces, the signaling quality also greatly enhances, the automobile also starts to march into the network In the near ten years, the user regarding automobile comfortableness, the security as well as the environmental protection and so on each performance request enhances In order to meet the need which these increase day by day, on the automobile the computer controls the electronic electric appliance equipment sharp growth, causes the automobile (is specially passenger vehicle) designs the electric appliance line arrangement to be more and more In addition, because because on the automobile each kind of electronic electric appliance meets the point insertion quantity along with it sharp increase, in the automobile travel process meets the point insertion the breakdown to create on the automobile the electronic electric appliance equipment malfunction question to be more and more In order to solve the above problem, very many new vehicle types (are specially upscale vehicle type) in the development starts widely to apply the computer network This article introduced the computer network technology in the automobile the application basic principle, elaborated the networking in the automobile interior and exterior application situation, introduced the automobile interior network characteristic and the automobile interior network standard, with emphasis narrated the control confined network CAN principal characteristic and the According to the automobile driving quality function influence division, may the automobile electronic products induction be two kinds: One kind is the automobile electronic control, including engine, chassis, automobile body electronic One kind is the vehicle carries the automobile electronic installation, including the automobile information system, the guidance system, the automobile sound and the television entertainment system, the vehicle carries the communications system, the surfer equipment and so Keywords: automotive, computer networks, local area network control, network standards

With the entry of informative network times is comimg, people are not simply satisfied with Atuo as the means of walking replacement, but to expect it can be closely related life to work, just as we work in the office or at home while we take the Meanwhile, Auto electronic rapid developing is regarded as the revolution of Auto technology E-vehicle developing level is one of the key points to measure modern auto Followed the rapid development of comupter, telecommunication and integrated circuit technology, the typified digital field bus of field instrument and other related instruments widely used, and the complicated live link are replaced by simple live network link, the quality of signal transmission becomes much better than before, so that Auto gradually enters internet In reccent decade, customers have higher quality on comfort, security, eco-friendliness of A To meet these increasing demands, many electronic equipment controlled by computer is sharpely increasing in Auto, as a result of line connection becomes more difficult in Auto, especially in Besides, the quantity of electronic line point shows Inevitably it’ll has some troubles or blocks in So that many new model or high-level model auto is using network technology in the process of research to solve these This essay talks about how network is used in inner and outer auto, refering to the characteristic and standard of inner network used in A While the key point is to emphasise on the main features and using of controlling local area According to driving performance, auto electronic products could be classified as followings: one is Auto electronic control devices, including engine, chassis and body electronic The other is car electronic devices, including motor vehicle information systems, navigation systems, car audio and video entertainment systems, automotive communications systems, internet equipment

评论文章有标题吗英文翻译

专业翻译:About the school year credit system condition under the university is teaching management work ponder 谢谢……

On thinking of the teaching management of the department under the academic credit system

the exploration of the integrated utilization of network service in the office system或者the exploration of network service’s integrated utilization in the office system

An Exploration into the Comprehensive Use of Network Service System in Office System

相关百科
热门百科
首页
发表服务