土木工程学报中英文摘要
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building types and designA building is closely bound up with people，for it provides with the necessary space to work and live in .As classified by their use ,buildings are mainly of two types :industrial buildings and civil buildings .industrial buildings are used by various factories or industrial production while civil buildings are those that are used by people for dwelling ,employment ,education and other social activities .Industrial buildings are factory buildings that are available for processing and manufacturing of various kinds ,in such fields as the mining industry ,the metallurgical industry ,machine building ,the chemical industry and the textile industry . factory buildings can be classified into two types single-story ones and multi-story ones .the construction of industrial buildings is the same as that of civil buildings .however ,industrial and civil buildings differ in the materials used and in the way they are used .Civil buildings are divided into two broad categories: residential buildings and public buildings .residential buildings should suit family life .each flat should consist of at least three necessary rooms : a living room ,a kitchen and a toilet .public buildings can be used in politics ,cultural activities ,administration work and other services ,such as schools, office buildings, parks ,hospitals ,shops ,stations ,theatres ,gymnasiums ,hotels ,exhibition halls ,bath pools ,and so on .all of them have different functions ,which in turn require different design types as well. Housing is the living quarters for human beings .the basic function of housing is to provide shelter from the elements ,but people today require much more that of their housing .a family moving into a new neighborhood will to know if the available housing meets its standards of safety ,health ,and comfort .a family will also ask how near the housing is to grain shops ,food markets ,schools ,stores ,the library ,a movie theater ,and the community center .In the mid-1960’s a most important value in housing was sufficient space both inside and out .a majority of families preferred single-family homes on about half an acre of land ,which would provide space for spare-time activities .in highly industrialized countries ,many families preferred to live as far out as possible from the center of a metropolitan area ,even if the wage earners had to travel some distance to their work .quite a large number of families preferred country housing to suburban housing because their chief aim was to get far away from noise ,crowding ,and confusion .the accessibility of public transportation had ceased to be a decisive factor in housing because most workers drove their cars to work .people we’re chiefly interested in the arrangement and size of rooms and the number of bedrooms .Before any of the building can begin ,plans have to be drawn to show what the building will be like ,the exact place in which it is to go and how everything is to be important point in building design is the layout of rooms ,which should provide the greatest possible convenience in relation to the purposes for which they are intended .in a dwelling house ,the layout may be considered under three categories : “day”, “night” ,and “services” .attention must be paid to the provision of easy communication between these areas .the “day “rooms generally include a dining-room ,sitting-room and kitchen ,but other rooms ,such as a study ,may be added ,and there may be a hall .the living-room ,which is generally the largest ,often serves as a dining-room ,too ,or the kitchen may have a dining alcove .the “night “rooms consist of the bedrooms .the “services “comprise the kitchen ,bathrooms ,larder ,and water-closets .the kitchen and larder connect the services with the day rooms .It is also essential to consider the question of outlook from the various rooms ,and those most in use should preferably face south as possible .it is ,however ,often very difficult to meet the optimum requirements ,both on account of the surroundings and the location of the roads .in resolving these complex problems ,it is also necessary to follow the local town-planning regulations which are concerned with public amenities ,density of population ,height of buildings ,proportion of green space to dwellings ,building lines ,the general appearance of new properties in relation to the neighbourhood ,and so on .There is little standardization in industrial buildings although such buildings still need to comply with local town-planning regulations .the modern trend is towards light ,airy factory buildings .generally of reinforced concrete or metal construction ,a factory can be given a “shed ”type ridge roof ,incorporating windows facing north so as to give evenly distributed natural lighting without sun-glare .翻译：建筑类型和设计建筑物与人们有着紧密的联系，他为人们提供必要的空间，用以工作和生活。根据适用类型不同，建筑物可以分为两类：工业建筑和民用建筑。工业建筑包括各个工厂或工业生产所使用建筑，民用建筑是指那些人们用以居住，就业，教育和其他社会活动的建筑场所。工业建筑的厂房可用于采矿业，冶金工业，机械制造，化学工业和纺织工业等各类领域的加工和制造。厂房可分为两种类型：单层的和多层的。工业建筑也属于建筑的一种。但是，工业建筑与民用建筑所用的材料和建筑方式不同。民用建筑按使用可分为两大类：住宅建筑和公共建筑。住宅建筑要适应家庭生活。每个单位应包括至少三个必要客房：起居室，厨房和厕所。公共建筑可在政治，文化活动，管理工作和其他服务，如学校，写字楼，公园，医院，商店，车站，剧院，体育馆，宾馆，展览馆，洗浴池，等等。他们都有着不同的职能，这反过来又需要不同的设计类型。房屋是用以住人的. 其基本功能是提供住房的内容，但今天人们需要更多的住房内容。一个家庭在进入一个新的社区后将知道，现有住房不仅要符合其安全，健康和舒适等标准。还要考虑其附近是否有相应的配套设施，如食品市场，学校，商店，图书馆，电影院，以及社区中心等。在60年代中期住房最重要的价值是足够大的空间和方便的出入交通。大多数家庭会首选约半英亩面积土地的家庭住宅，这样将提供足够的空间的用以业余活动。在高度工业化的国家，许多家庭的首选是那种尽可能远离市中心商业圈的住房，即使距离上班地点不得不有一段距离。相当多的家庭首选是郊区的住房，因为他们的主要目的是要远离噪音，拥挤和混乱。拥有方便的公共交通使得距离不再是一个决定性因素，因为大多数人都是开着自己的汽车去上班了。人们现在主要感兴趣的是户型，房间的大小和卧室的数目。在工程项目开始之前，要做好建筑设计和施工流程,让人提前知道该建筑建成后是什么样子以及下一步应该做什么。在建筑设计中要特别重视房间的布局，其目的是提供最大的便利与可能的用途。在一个住宅建筑设计中，布局可考虑以下三个方面： “白天” ， “夜晚”和“服务”。必须注意这些空间区域之间的连通交流。 “白天”房一般包括餐厅，起居室和厨房，但其他房间可能会增加，如书房，并有可能成为一个大厅。起居室通常是最大的，往往是一个餐厅，也或可能有厨房、凹室等。 “夜间”房间包括卧室、客房。“服务”用房间包括厨房，浴室，储藏室 ，和厕所等。厨房和储藏室需设置在一起，以方便其房间功能的使用。此外，还必须考虑各种客房的朝向问题，当然最好尽可能的将那些经常使用的房间朝南设置。然而，在考虑到周围的环境和地点、道路等多方面因素，往往很难达到最佳要求。在解决这些复杂的问题，还必须按照当地城市规划条例所涉及的对公共设施，人口密度，建筑物高度，绿化面积，建筑红线等的要求，还要考虑到有相邻建筑的情况，等等。尽管工业建筑需要符合当地城市规划条例但很少有标准化的工业楼宇。现代厂房建筑的趋势是轻质、通风。一般的钢筋混凝土结构或钢结构的工厂，可以得到一个“跌”型脊屋顶，把窗户开向北以便使分布均匀的自然采光不会直射进来造成刺眼。
你是哪个省的啊 看看如果可以的话 可以给你一份全面的
有一篇施工监控的论文，你查收一下吧，希望对你有用！
土木工程学报英语
文献翻译需要专业的人，这样翻译出来比较靠谱，我是找清北医学翻译的。
土木与环境工程学报不好投的。根据查询相关公开信息显示，土木与环境工程学报投标的通过率是百分之五，机会非常小的，难度系数很高。
快。土木与环境工程学报(中英文)审稿快，本专刊为《土木与环境工程学报（中英文）》正刊，由相关学科领域专家快速审稿，采用后一个月之内，在中国知网实现网络首发，全部稿件网络首发后即开始正式出版流程。
知道几个，但英文不会写。
土木工程毕业论文英语摘要
土木工程的key哀，速度，
Research on the construction safety management of Civil EngineeringIn recent years, the construction accident in civil engineering in our country often occur. This not only caused casualties, also caused great loss of national property, and resulting in a very bad social influence. Therefore, in our country, the construction units in the civil engineering construction projects, shouldstrengthen the construction safety management, all aspects ofsecurity control for engineering, to prevent dangerous accidentsin the end it all. The cause of the civil engineering constructionaccidents are in many aspects. In order to enhance security,should be combined with the characteristics of construction projects and the enterprise's internal and external conditions, the rational allocation of production factors, optimization of management process. In order to realize the construction safetymanagement, construction units should establish a safety management system of a project, it should be carried out from the following aspects:A construction safety consciousness, cultivate the modern safety science theory, occurrence of unsafe human behavior causedcasualties. To implement safety management, it should becombined with psychology, behavioral science to strengthen the education and training of employees in production safety,improve the consciousness of safe production, so as to guide the safety production behavior of employees. For the construction enterprises should strengthen safety awareness and educationproject personnel, developing the regular safety education to the construction personnel involved in the project, and to carry outsecurity work. Three level education to the new participate in the work of the operating personnel; often transform types of employees, should be safety training for new types of work, makeoperation personnel matters needing attention can be familiar with the safe operation of the. In order to make safe productionconsciousness win support among the people, enterprisemanagement personnel but also in engineering project, using a variety of promotional tools to start a variety of education,cultivate the construction personnel safety consciousness. Andin the management of enterprises, the production safety systemthought to. Leaders at all levels and enterprises in issuing the project production task, should also carry out safety productionmeasures. Such as the production safety requirements to the construction personnel, so conducive to safe thought into the production of management, let each employee has consciously in the psychological sense of , the establishment of management system for safety in production in addition to strengthen production safety education and awareness of construction project staff, should alsoestablish a safety management system, protect the system from the construction enterprise safety in production of. In order toavoid the frequent occurrence of sudden accident, the construction enterprise should according to the project, to develop a comprehensive, the system of safety management,and invest the necessary manpower and funds to ensure the implementation of the project. Ensure the production safetyconstruction from the system implementation, the project section of construction enterprises should establish the safety inspectionsystem, and regularly to the project construction of the security check. Make a clear record of project construction process,record the dangerous post, and regularly check the work. Self evaluation and construction team every week to organize asafety activities, the project department to make regular safetyevaluation for project production. Construction enterprises in theconstruction of civil engineering, in order to establish a safety management system, need to make corresponding technical measures for safety management system, a comprehensivescientific standard for , the safety work of construction enterprise project technical measures should be prior to commencement of for engineering and technical measures should be strict examination and approval, the approval before implementation. If the design changes during construction, corresponding safety technical measures should be coordinated with the adjustment,will follow. The safety technical measures enacted personnel andparticipation, should fully understand the project as the construction scheme, construction environment, the actualoperation has, and combined with relevant laws and regulations or the security policy to establish safety technical measures,which can ensure the safety measures. In civil engineering construction of large, corresponding safety technical measuresshould be formulated more comprehensive and more specific,must be carried out through the whole process of construction,and mainly covers to other engineering safety. To establish the system of safety management, construction enterprises should also be strict safety before the construction of the project, technical personnel should to the technical measures for the construction personnelwork. Such as technical personnel issue written materials relatedto the construction personnel, and the implementation of safety technical measures of construction workers to regularly check;when technicians found construction personnel in violation oftechnical measure behavior, to give timely corrected. When theconstruction personnel technical mistakes when amended and supplemented immediately. In order to ensure the safety ofconstruction enterprises to implement, should take theseinspection of production safety measures the formation of rules and regulations, require employees to strictly abide by, so to ensure safety production system. At the same time, the construction enterprises can also follow the specific constructiondevelopment situation, formulate a set of safety technical measures linked to reward and punishment system, to strictly abide by the department or individual production safety, strictsecurity checks to reward, and if there are penalties for violations of the phenomenon. At the same time should have a goodproduction safety supervision work, and sent to the specialized production safety supervision work. When there is potential safety hazard factors in project development, should be timely analysis and inspection and make treatment immediately, so thatthe safety management to implement, implement the specificsystem, ensure the feasibility of production safety. The range ofcivil engineering projects involved in the construction processmore widely, because the factors which affect the engineering safety more. But in the construction process, the occurrence of safety accidents is often unexpected, with occasional andunexpected strong. These come unexpectedly accidents, serious damage often caused casualties and , strengthen the safety production and environment management in civil engineering construction process,environment is an important factor influencing the construction safety. So in order to guarantee safety in production, enterprises should be to strengthen the management of construction site. As in the construction site, the unnecessary equipment and surplus materials, should be timely treatment. In the pile construction materials in order to keep the construction site, the patency of the road accident, ensure to timely rescue, this is to protect the safety measures to realize. And construction enterprises shouldstrictly abide by the rules and regulations, which occurred on theconstruction site of the waste, garbage bag, cement, waste materials and other items should be clear, it can keep the siteclean, to create a civilized construction environment for safe construction. Create a safe production environment construction enterprises, should also be reflected in the risk disposal of equipment. For some such as the construction of electricity,dangerous equipment, cloth rod is used, should by the competent department of enterprise safety approval approval,the approval before they can be put into use after. And in the process of construction of civil engineering, a comprehensive analysis of the conditions of construction project. Some of the effects of environmental factors of the quality of construction, totake timely measures, and to conduct a comprehensivespecification, so that can realize the safe construction quality engineering to create good conditions.
建议您请当地的翻译公司为您翻译。这些内容不多，不会花费很多钱的。
abstractreinforced concrete structure with good mechanical properties and more longer fire-resistant time than steel structure can give full play to concret's and reinforcing steel's mecahnical are many advantages of reinforced concrete frame structure,such as flexible arrangement of space,a certain level of lateral force resisting system and wonderful earthquake resistance of kind of structure can be used in schools, hospitals,hotels,residential and some industrial plants. In earthquake prone zone,when we use concrete frame structure,we should carry out seismic current housing construction in Shanghai is the second level of earthquake, seismic intensity of 7 degrees. This design is for middle shcool words: reinforced concrete structures, seismic design
《土木工程学报》
较难。土木工程学报是一个综合性学术期刊，由于种类较多，难度程度为较难。该期刊是由中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部主管的，影响因子为。
《岩土工程学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《土木工程学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《建筑结构学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《岩土力学》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《重庆大学学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《煤炭学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《中国矿业大学学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《中南大学学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《东南大学学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《同济大学学报》（EI，CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《矿业研究与开发》（全国中文核心）《采矿与安全工程学报》（EI，全国中文核心）《岩石力学与工程学报》（EI，全国中文核心）《工业建筑》（CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《混凝土》（全国中文核心）《水文地质工程地质》（CSCD核心，全国中文核心） 《水利学报》（EI，全国中文核心）《人民长江》（CSCD核心，全国中文核心）《长江科学院院报》（全国中文核心）《矿业安全与环保》（全国中文核心）《中外公路 》《现代隧道技术》《科技导报》（《科技导报》曾获全国科技期刊（综合类）一等奖、国家期刊奖、全国百强期刊奖。现为中文核心期刊、“中国科技论文统计源期刊（中国科技核心期刊）”、“中国科学引文数据库源期刊”，并已被美国《化学文摘》（CA）、《剑桥科学文摘》（CSA）、《乌利希国际期刊指南》（Ulrich），英国SA/INSPEC、英国国际农业与生物科学研究中心数据库（CABI），波兰《哥白尼索引》（IC）收录，入选 “国家期刊方阵”、全国“百刊工程”和 “中国核心期刊（遴选）数据库”、“中国学术期刊（光盘版）”、中国精品科技期刊等。）《工程爆破》（全国中文核心）《有色金属》（全国中文核心）《现代矿业》 （中国核心期刊，国家级普通期刊）《建筑工业》 （CSCD核心，全国中文核心）
1-3个月审稿
1.土木工程学报
《土木工程学报》是中华人民共和国建设部主管、中国土木工程学会主办的土木工程综合性学术期刊，以土木工程界中、高级工程技术人员为主要读者对象。主要报道土木工程各专业领域的发展综述，重大土木工程实录，建筑...
主管主办：建设部 中国土木工程学会
快捷分类：工业建筑科学与工程 工程科技II
出版发行：北京 月刊 A4
期刊刊号：1000-131X, 11-2120/TU
创刊时间：1954 影响因子
审稿时间：1-3个月
期刊级别： CSCD核心期刊 北大核心期刊 统计源期刊
2.土木工程与管理学报
从2011年起正式更名为《土木工程与管理学报》。 《土木工程与管理学报》本刊的办刊宗旨为：刊发土木工程原创性学术论文，反映土木工程和工程管理学科研究前沿动态和发展方向，为土木工程和工程管理的教学、科研和...
主管主办：教育部 华中科技大学
快捷分类：工业建筑科学与工程 工程科技II
出版发行：湖北 季刊 A4
期刊刊号：2095-0985, 42-1816/TU
创刊时间：1983 影响因子
审稿时间：1-3个月
期刊级别： 北大核心期刊 统计源期刊
3.桂林理工大学学报
《桂林理工大学学报》主要刊登资源勘查、环境科学、土木工程、测绘科学与技术、材料工程、应用化学及化工、电子与计算机应用等方面的最新科研成果，并开辟了科技快报栏目。刊物以报道资源、环境、材料与土木工程...
主管主办：桂林理工大学 桂林理工大学
快捷分类：教育基础科学综合 基础科学
出版发行：广西 季刊 A4
期刊刊号：1674-9057, 45-1375/N
创刊时间：1981 影响因子
审稿时间：1-3个月
期刊级别： 北大核心期刊 统计源期刊
土木工程学报投稿要求
建筑结构学报土木工程学报建筑结构工业建筑中国给水排水岩土力学建筑技术通讯.给水排水（改名为：给水排水）施工技术建筑技术建筑科学建筑学报混凝土城市规划西安建筑科技大学学报自然科学版水文地质工程地质重庆建筑大学学报新型建筑材料城市规划汇刊
导读：在土木工程学报杂志上投稿之后，接下来就是到了审稿的环节，由于土木工程学报杂志投稿的稿件量大，可能审稿的时间就要长一些，这些因素都可能会影响作者的使用，下面就来为大家介绍土木工程学报杂志审稿流程、土木工程学报杂志审稿周期，供大家参考。论文在土木工程学报杂志上投稿发表论文的时候，都会有一段过程，而这个过程我们就叫做审稿，最近也是有大部分读者对于中土木工程学报杂志的审稿流程和审稿周期的问题感到特别的疑惑，下面就来为大家介绍土木工程学报杂志审稿流程、土木工程学报杂志审稿周期，供大家参考。土木工程学报杂志审稿流程土木工程学报杂志是由中国土木工程学会主办的专业学术期刊，土木工程学报杂志创始于1954，杂志的期刊级别是：核心期刊，属于月刊，并且在国内外公开发行。土木工程学报杂志杂志对来稿质量要求很高，因此退稿率也较高，但是土木工程学报杂志编辑部的审稿效率很高，不会耽误作者时间，作者可以根据专家给的审稿意见认真修改，具体的审稿如下：1.在土木工程学报杂志官网注册投稿，稿件审理状态随时在线查询。2.投稿→汇款土木工程学报杂志审稿费(50元)→初审→外审→编辑审阅→通知录取→汇款土木工程学报杂志版面费(每页450元)→校对→刊登。3.文稿经土木工程学报杂志编辑部专家审定后录用的，刊登前两个月会通知作者。注：凡收到土木工程学报杂志收稿通知后3个月内未收到对稿件的处理通知，则说明该稿仍在审阅中，作者如欲改投他刊，须来信(挂号)与土木工程学报杂志联系。否则因此造成的损失，由作者负经济责任或其他责任。土木工程学报杂志开通在线查稿系统，如需查询请登录土木工程学报杂志网站凡退回作者修改的稿件必须严格按照土木工程学报杂志稿约要求及退改意见修改，务请2个月内修回并通过网上发回至土木工程学报杂志编辑部将随修改稿一并寄出。如因他故(例如补充资料、实验或另做实验等)，超过时限，以新稿处理。土木工程学报杂志审稿周期土木工程学报杂志目前为核心刊物，级别很高，杂志每个月的12日和28日为出版发行，期刊从收到稿件到发出稿件的处理通知具体时限为2个月。文章录用后，编辑部会通过邮件或者是电子录用通知书的方式回复信息。在确定收到编辑部的用稿通知之后，土木工程学报杂志会给作者发送确认刊登的具体相关信息。如已向土木工程学报杂志投稿，请耐心等待。
是收费的，一般没有稿费。我这有A累杂志。CN刊号/ ISSN刊号齐全。
20%-25%以内通常，普通期刊的重复率需要控制在30%以内;核心期刊的重复率需要控制在20%-25%以内，有的等级比较高的出版社也会要求将论文的重复率控制在15%以内;而国家级期刊的重复率需要控制在10%以内，不过有些论文类型比较小众的也需要将论文的重复率控制在5%以内。土木工程学报杂志为专业技术性刊物。登载土木工程发展综述，重大土木工程实录，发表结构工程、岩土工程及其相关学科的论文报告，包括科研、设计、施工方面的研究成果与工程实践总结。主要栏目有：桥梁结构、建筑结构、隧道地下结构、基础工程、结构工程、桥梁工程、岩土力学及基础工程、隧道及地下工程、道路工程、重大工程施工报道等。读者对象为从事土木工程设计、施工、科研的中高级工程技术人员和相关专业的大专院校师生。