ctex英文论文模板

下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板，希望对你们有帮助。

Abstract

Since Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.

According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmen from a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS . And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.

Abstract

A large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。 However, no consensus hasbeen reached yet (Choo, Lin, & Pandian,2012; Mohsen & Balakumarohsen, 2011)。

Despite the fact that some narrative reviews have evaluated and explored thesecontradictory results, this study aims at quantifying the overall effectiveness oftechnology-enhanced English vocabulary learning with a different approach to review:meta-analysis and performing in-depth moderator analyses of learning method and testtype further.

Totally, twenty effect sizes from thirteen pieces of primary research are obtainedafter collecting related literature published or unpublished in recent ten years via fourchannels and selecting through three filters. Later, all the primary research is coded anddata are computed in random-effects model with software ComprehensiveMeta-Analysis.

Results show that: (1) Technology has a positively large effect on Englishvocabulary learning according to Cohen's standards as proposed in 1992 (g = 95% confidential interval of [, ])。 (2) Learning methods (intentional learning,incidental learning, and integrated learning) have impacts on the overall effectiveness.

Heterogeneity exists in the three learning methods (g = = 0,01 < )，Effectiveness of intentional learning, incidental learning and integrated learning is ^ =, g 二 , g = respectively. Incidental learning under technology-enhancedenvironment yields the largest effectiveness on English vocabulary learning. (3) Testtypes (recognition tests, recall tests,recognition + recall tests) also have impacts on theoverall effectiveness. The three test types are heterogeneous as well {Q = , p = < )。 Recognition tests, recall tests, and recognition + recall tests have effectsizes of and respectively. Technology-enhanced English vocabularylearning achieves the largest effectiveness in recognition tests.

Abstract

The present study, which is based on the Competing Values Framework (. CVF:a framework to identify the organizational effectiveness and to define organizationalculture)， aims to investigate English teachers, teaching motivation at universities, theirperception of the organizational culture in the target university,their professionalaspiration and how they affect each other. The research questions to be addressed are asfollows: (1) How do the English teachers perceive the organizational culture at theirworkplace? (2) How much effort will the teachers pay for their professionalengagement and aspiration? (3) What kinds of motivation do the English teachers in thetarget university appear to have? (4) How will the organizational culture and theprevious experience affect teachers' motivation?

This study employed four different questionnaires as the research instruments,including one demographic questionnaire and three research questionnaires, . thedemographic questionnaire, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (. theOCAI) (Cameron & Quinn, 1999)，the Professional Engagement and CareerDevelopment Aspiration-scale (. the PECDA-scale) (Watt & Richardson, 2008b)，andthe Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers Teaching (. the WTMST) (Fernet et al.,2008)，to investigate the above mentioned research questions. The whole investigationtook roughly 12 weeks and involved three stages: the preparation stage,the pilot study,and the main study.

The findings of the present study show that most of the teachers are intrinsicallymotivated and with identified regulation influenced by the performance culture and theclan culture which are the dominant culture types of the target research site. Results alsoindicate that the overseas experience and length of teaching experience affect teachers'perception of tixe organizational culture and motivation. The participants who haveoverseas experience tend to be more with the sense of professionalism, moreintrinsically motivated and be more confident with their competence in the academicarea; and the ones who have longer years of teaching experience are with moreidentified regulation and introjected motivation and are more committed and moreassured of staying in the education field. The participants in the target universitybasically belong to the highly engaged persisters,and the male teachers expect to be theleadership.

Abstract

Owing to the economic, social and academic needs as well as the advantages of EGAP(General Academic Purpose in Chinese College English) itself, there exist 这 great deal ofnecessity and feasibility for applying English for EGAP class. It is our understanding thatwriting plays an extremely important role in the course of EGAP and genre is a quiteinfluential factor in improving students5 writing competency. However,the investigation ofstudents' current writing situation shows that being deeply influenced by traditional writingteaching methods which emphasize grammar and vocabulary; the students have littleknowledge about genre approach theoretically or systematically and lack the awareness ofgenre. Because of this,it becomes necessary to put forward an English writing teachingapproach which is effective as well as applicable to the situation in China so as to enhancetheir writing competence.

This paper firstly gives a brief introduction to the developing trend of EGAP bydiscussing its necessity and applicability in China and the main views of two schools of genretheory, the tiieoretical foundation and genre-based approaches of three main schools of genrestudy and practice. And also,their characteristics are compared and the adaptability inChinese College EGAP class is analyzed, based on which it puts forward a modifiedGenre-based approach in EGAP writing class in order to enhance students' genre awarenessand improve their writing skills.

To achieve this, two non-English major classes of freshmen in East China University ofScience and Technology (ECUST) have been selected as the experimental class andcontrolled class, and the research lasts one semester. The Genre-based approach is applied inthe experimental class following a modified Genre-based approach. And a comparison hasbeen made on the same subject at the beginning and the end of the semester and thecomparison and contrast between the experimental class and controlled class have also beenmade. Owing to various factors,such as learning motivation, different students show variedextent of acceptance to certain teaching approaches. Therefore, emphasis has not only beenput on the overall changes,but also on the individual differences.

There are three hypotheses:

1. Can Genre-based approach enhance students' genre awareness? 2. Can “genreawareness” really improve students' writing ability in EGAP? If the students can get overallimprovement, is there any difference in gender and the students with diverse learningaptitudes because of the individual difference? If some students fail to improve, what's thepossible reason behind it? 3. Will Chinese students accept and adapt to Genre-basedApproach?

Three sets of data from six writing assignments, writing in final-term examination andquestionnaires are collected and analyzed with the help of the software SPSS . And thestudy indicates that: (1) Genre-based approach has a significant effect in sensitizing students'genre awareness, improving holistic writing competence; (2) during the whole experimentalprocess, girls have a stable superiority over boys, however, boys' improvement fluctuation iscomparatively obvious; (3) students of medium efficiency have the greatest potential to makebig improvement; (4) Unavoidably, in this research there are some students who fail to gainimprovement in terms of writing ability or get changed in terms of writing notions, andthrough analysis it has been found that the main objective reasons are: the difficulty ofwriting itself,the differences of culture and ways of thinking between east and west,thelimited teaching period, etc.; and subjective reasons mainly come from: the limitedcompetence of students themselves, the lack of interest in English writing, etc(5) aoverwhelming majority of students are liable to accept this approach and able to adapt to itpretty well, yet acceptation is not absolutely accompanied by adaptation; (6) feedback is adispensable part in English writing teaching, and more specific feedback will bring strongermotivation in students' self-correcting and developing;In the end,the author presents some limitations in her research and hopes that this cangive some hints and tips to further research in EFL writing classes.

Abstract

In college English listening & speaking classrooms, language and other semioticsystems cooperate together to help students construct meaning. It can be reflected inthe design of textbooks and the use of audios, videos and images, etc. Thus, in thisthesis, the theoretical foundation is the theory of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA)derived from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Social Semiotics. The essence ofMDA is that other semiotic resources such as: images, audios, etc. are as important aslanguage in the meaning-making system. Visual Grammar, Acoustical Grammar andthe integrated frameworks of MDA are the main analysis approaches in this thesis.

Meanwhile, the results of the teaching investigation and the MDA for textbooksare the practical foundation for the multimodal teaching design, providing feasibleand effective suggestions in this thesis. According to the results, it can be concludedthat students have more or less realized multimodality in this course and argue thatmultimodality should be used in moderation; multimodal classroom activities, socialcontent, etc. should be brought into the class; teachers should remind students to payattention to images, fonts change and other multimodal factors in textbooks.

Therefore, when conducting the multimodal teaching design, attention should bepaid to: (1) Modalities influence each other with clear priorities in this course. (2)Words modality and acoustical modality are the primary modalities, while othermodalities are just used as tools to provide supplementary information and to improveteaching efficiency. (3) The chosen modalities should provide supplementaryinformation to make the learning material more easily understood and help studentsconcentrate. Then, on the basis of the above principles and the writer's teachingexperience, a sample teaching design has been worked out, then its' feasibility andeffectiveness have been verified by an empirical study with the method of interview.

Abstract

Degree adverbs play a crucial role in daily language communication. However,owing to their wide varieties and similar meanings, it is hard for language learners toreally master their meanings and usages.

With the aid of AntConc and based on the corpora of FROWN (TheFreiburg-Brown Corpus of American English)，FLOB (The Freiburg-LOB Corpus ofBritish English) and CLEC (Chinese Learner English Corpus)， the study aims tocompare the actual use of common English degree adverbs in terms of semanticprosody between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers. The researchprocedures consist of two steps. First, AntConc is launched to extractconcordance lines of the target node words in each corpus and the semantic featuresof the node words' collocates are analyzed; then, the semantic prosodies of these nodewords are summarized and comparisons are made between the two corpora.

The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.

Chinese EFL learners tend to underuse the negative semantic prosodies of fairly,highly, and totally?,overuse the negative semantic prosodies of extremely; and misusethe semantic prosody of terribly. The results also show that some problems exist inChinese learners' use of semantic prosodies of degree adverbs, and the reasons mayinclude their first language transfer, intralingual transfer, and the lack of informationabout the semantic prosody in dictionaries and textbooks.

英语写作能力的培养不是一日之功，必须从平时的练习中一点点培养。巧用一些经典句型会为作文添加一点亮色，多得一点印象分。本文整理了英语议论文常用的开头和结尾，希望对大家有帮助。

要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。英语议论文共有三大特点：

1、观点鲜明的开头

2、紧扣主题的结尾

3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落

另外，英语文章和汉语不同的是段落的主题句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的写作习惯放在段落的中间或者最后，换句话说，每段的内容都是根据首句来展开的，其顺序不能颠倒。

在中心统一这个问题,应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。

goes without saying that…不言而喻…

can be said with certainty that…可以肯定地说……

the proverb says，正如谚语所说的，

has to be noticed that…必须注意到…

's generally recognized that…普遍认为…

1. It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.

很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展

2. From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.

在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理.

3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……

我无法完全同意这一观点

far as I am concerned/In my opinion……

就我而言……

5. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……

最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……

tex 和 doc 格式的相互转换推荐 pandoc，这是一款强大彪悍的开源软件，代表了业界最先进的文档转换实力。只要不是用了 mdwtools 这种高端宏包，都可以相互转换，正确率大概85%吧，需要手动微调。不同的 tex 格式之间的转换很简单，直接修改 \documentclass{} 就可以了。一般收 latex 稿件杂志社提供有 cls 文件，你需要做的只是调用，而且它们要求比较松散，不用担心排版很爽的，比如物理学报。偶尔也有某学报，比较奇葩还定义了一堆的\zihao命令，调用了绝版的宏包模版，令人痛苦。这种情况找淘宝店的，大概几百块让他们帮忙改改就是了。有一家很好的店，但是写出来怕有做广告的嫌疑，就不发了。。

ctex数学论文模板

数学建模论文格式模板以及要求

导语：伴随着当今社会的科学技术的飞速发展，数学已经渗透到各个领域，成为人们生活中非常重要的一门学科。下面是我分享的数学建模论文格式模板及要求，欢迎阅读!

(一)论文形式：科学论文

科学论文是对某一课题进行探讨、研究，表述新的科学研究成果或创见的文章。

注意：它不是感想，也不是调查报告。

(二)论文选题：新颖，有意义，力所能及。

要求：

有背景.

应用问题要来源于学生生活及其周围世界的真实问题，要有具体的对象和真实的数据。理论问题要了解问题的研究现状及其理论价值。要做必要的学术调研和研究特色。

有价值

有一定的应用价值，或理论价值，或教育价值，学生通过课题的研究可以掌握必须的科学概念，提升科学研究的能力。

有基础

对所研究问题的背景有一定了解，掌握一定量的参考文献，积累了一些解决问题的方法，所研究问题的数据资料是能够获得的。

有特色

思路创新，有别于传统研究的新思路;

方法创新，针对具体问题的特点，对传统方法的改进和创新;

结果创新，要有新的，更深层次的结果。

问题可行

适合学生自己探究并能够完成，要有学生的特色，所用知识应该不超过初中生(高中生)的能力范围。

(三)(数学应用问题)数据资料：来源可靠，引用合理，目标明确

要求：

数据真实可靠，不是编的数学题目;

数据分析合理，采用分析方法得当。

(四)(数学应用问题)数学模型：通过抽象和化简，使用数学语言对实际问题的一个近似描述，以便于人们更深刻地认识所研究的对象。

要求：

抽象化简适中，太强，太弱都不好;

抽象出的数学问题，参数选择源于实际，变量意义明确;

数学推理严格，计算准确无误，得出结论;

将所得结论回归到实际中，进行分析和检验，最终解决问题，或者提出建设性意见;

问题和方法的进一步推广和展望。

(五)(数学理论问题)问题的研究现状和研究意义：了解透彻

要求：

对问题了解足够清楚，其中指导教师的作用不容忽视;

问题解答推理严禁，计算无误;

突出研究的特色和价值。

(六)论文格式：符合规范，内容齐全，排版美观

1. 标题：是以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中主要内容的逻辑组合。

要求：反映内容准确得体，外延内涵恰如其分，用语凝练醒目。

2. 摘要：全文主要内容的简短陈述。

要求：

1)摘要必须指明研究的主要内容，使用的主要方法，得到的主要结论和成果;

2)摘要用语必须十分简练，内容亦须充分概括。文字不能太长，6字以内的文章摘要一般不超过3字;

3)不要举例，不要讲过程，不用图表，不做自我评价。

3. 关键词：文章中心内容所涉及的重要的单词，以便于信息检索。

要求：数量不要多，以3-5各为宜，不要过于生僻。

(七). 正文

1)前言：

问题的背景：问题的来源;

提出问题：需要研究的内容及其意义;

文献综述：国内外有关研究现状的回顾和存在的问题;

概括介绍论文的内容，问题的结论和所使用的方法。

2)主体：

(数学应用问题)数学模型的组建、分析、检验和应用等。

(数学理论问题)推理论证，得出结论等。

3)讨论：

解释研究的结果，揭示研究的价值，指出应用前景，提出研究的不足。

要求：

1)背景介绍清楚，问题提出自然;

2)思路清晰，涉及到得数据真是可靠，推理严密，计算无误;

3)突出所研究问题的难点和意义。

5. 参考文献：

是在文章最后所列出的文献目录。他们是在论文研究过程中所参考引用的主要文献资料，是为了说明文中所引用的的论点、公式、数据的来源以表示对前人成果的尊重和提供进一步检索的线索。

要求：

1)文献目录必须规范标注;

2)文末所引的文献都应是论文中使用过的文献，并且必须在正文中标明。

(七)数学建模论文模板

1. 论文标题

摘要

摘要是论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，其作用是使读者不阅读论文全文即能获得必要的信息。

一般说来，摘要应包含以下五个方面的内容：

①研究的主要问题;

②建立的什么模型;

③用的什么求解方法;

④主要结果(简单、主要的);

⑤自我评价和推广。

摘要中不要有关键字和数学表达式。

数学建模竞赛章程规定，对竞赛论文的评价应以：

①假设的合理性

②建模的创造性

③结果的正确性

④文字表述的清晰性为主要标准。

所以论文中应努力反映出这些特点。

注意：整个版式要完全按照《全国大学生数学建模竞赛论文格式规范》的要求书写，否则无法送全国评奖。

一、问题的重述

数学建模竞赛要求解决给定的问题，所以一般应以“问题的重述”开始。

此部分的目的是要吸引读者读下去，所以文字不可冗长，内容选择不要过于分散、琐碎，措辞要精练。

这部分的内容是将原问题进行整理，将已知和问题明确化即可。

注意：在写这部分的内容时，绝对不可照抄原题!

应为：在仔细理解了问题的基础上，用自己的语言重新将问题描述一篇。应尽量简短，没有必要像原题一样面面俱到。

二、模型假设

作假设时需要注意的问题：

①为问题有帮助的所有假设都应该在此出现，包括题目中给出的假设!

②重述不能代替假设! 也就是说，虽然你可能在你的问题重述中已经叙述了某个假设，但在这里仍然要再次叙述!

③与题目无关的假设，就不必在此写出了。

三、变量说明

为了使读者能更充分的理解你所做的工作，

对你的模型中所用到的变量，应一一加以说明，变量的输入必须使用公式编辑器。注意：

①变量说明要全即是说，在后面模型建立模型求解过程中使用到的所有变量，都应该在此加以说明。

②要与数学中的习惯相符，不要使用程序中变量的写法

比如：一般表示圆周率;cba,, 一般表示常量、已知量;zyx,, 一般表示变量、未知量

再比如：变量21,aa等，就不要写成:a[0],a[1]或a(1),a(2)

四、模型的建立与求解

这一部分是文章的重点，要特别突出你的创造性的工作。在这部分写作需要注意的事项有：

①一定要有分析，而且分析应在所建立模型的前面;

②一定要有明确的模型，不要让别人在你的文章中去找你的模型;

③关系式一定要明确;思路要清晰，易读易懂。

④建模与求解一定要截然分开;

⑤结果不能代替求解过程：必须要有必要的求解过程和步骤!最好能像写算法一样，一步一步的.写出其步骤;

⑥结果必须放在这一部分的结果中，不能放在附录里。

⑦结果一定要全，题目中涉及到的所有问题必须都有详细的结果和必须的中间结果!

⑧程序不能代替求解过程和结果!

⑨非常明显、显而易见的结果也必须明确、清晰的写在你的结果中!

⑩每个问题和问题之间以及5个小点之间都必须空一行。

问题一：

1.建模思路：

①对问题的详尽分析;

②对模型中参数的现实解释;这有助于我们抓住问题的本质特征，同时也会使数学公式充满生气，不再枯燥无味

③完成内容阐述所必需的公式推导、图表等

2.模型建立：

建立模型并对模型作出必要的解释

对于你所建立的模型，最好能对其中的每个式子都给出文字解释。

3.求解方法：

给出你的求解思路，最好能想写算法一样，写出你的算法。

4.求解结果：

你的求解结果必须精心设计(最好使用表格的形式)，使人一目了然。

结果必须要全，对于你求解的一些必须的中间结果，也必须在这里反映出来。

5.模型的分析与检验

在计算出相应的结果之后，你必须对你的结果做出相应的解释。因为你的结果往往是数学的结果，一般人无法理解。你必须归纳出你的结论和建议。这里主要应包括：

①这个结果说明了什么问题?

②是否达到了建模目的?

③模型的适用范围怎样?

④模型的稳定性与可靠性如何?

问题二：

问题三：

问题四：

问题五：

五、模型的评价与推广

这一部分应包括：

①你的模型完成了什么工作?达到了什么目的?得出了什么规律?

②你的建模方法是否有创造性?为今后的工作提供了什么思路?结果有什么理论或实际用途?

③模型中有何不足之处?有何改进建议?

④模型中有何遗留未解决的问题?以及解决这些问题可能的关键点和方向。

这一部分一定要有!

六、参考文献

引用别人的成果或其他公开的资料(包括网上查到的资料)必须按照规定的参考文献的表述方式在正文引用处和参考文献中均明确列出。正文引用处用方括号标示参考文献的编号，如[1][3]等;引用书籍还必须指出页码。参考文献按正文中的引用次序列出，其中

书籍的表述方式为：

[编号] 作者，书名，出版地：出版社，出版年。

参考文献中期刊杂志论文的表述方式为：

[编号] 作者，论文名，杂志名，卷期号：起止页码，出版年。

参考文献中网上资源的表述方式为：

[编号] 作者，资源标题，网址，访问时间(年月日)。

七、附录

不便于编入正文的资料都收集在这里。应包括：

①某一问题的详细证明或求解过程; ②流程图;

③计算机源程序及结果;

④较繁杂的图表或计算结果(一般结果只要不超过A4一页，尽量都放在正文中)。

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数学建模竞赛论文格式

在各领域中，大家都接触过论文吧，通过论文写作可以培养我们独立思考和创新的能力。写起论文来就毫无头绪？下面是我为大家收集的数学建模竞赛论文格式，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

一、纸质版论文格式规范

第一条，论文用白色A4纸打印(单面、双面均可);上下左右各留出至少厘米的页边距;从左侧装订。

第二条，论文第一页为承诺书，第二页为编号专用页，具体内容见本规范第3、4页。

第三条，论文第三页为摘要专用页(含标题和关键词，但不需要翻译成英文)，从此页开始编写页码;页码必须位于每页页脚中部，用阿拉伯数字从“1”开始连续编号。摘要专用页必须单独一页，且篇幅不能超过一页。

第四条，从第四页开始是论文正文(不要目录，尽量控制在20页以内);正文之后是论文附录(页数不限)。

第五条，论文附录至少应包括参赛论文的所有源程序代码，如实际使用的软件名称、命令和编写的全部可运行的源程序(含EXCEL、SPSS等软件的交互命令);通常还应包括自主查阅使用的数据等资料。赛题中提供的数据不要放在附录。如果缺少必要的源程序或程序不能运行，可能会被取消评奖资格。论文附录必须打印装订在论文纸质版中。如果确实没有需要以附录形式提供的信息，论文可以没有附录。

第六条，论文正文和附录不能有任何可能显示答题人身份和所在学校及赛区的信息。

第七条，引用别人的成果或其他公开的资料(包括网上资料)必须按照科技论文写作的规范格式列出参考文献，并在正文引用处予以标注。

第八条，本规范中未作规定的，如排版格式(字号、字体、行距、颜色等)不做统一要求，可由赛区自行决定。在不违反本规范的前提下，各赛区可以对论文增加其他要求。

二、电子版论文格式规范

第九条，参赛队应按照《全国大学生数学建模竞赛报名和参赛须知》的要求命名和提交以下两个电子文件，分别对应于参赛论文和相关的支撑材料。

第十条，参赛论文的电子版不能包含承诺书和编号专用页(即电子版论文第一页为摘要页)。除此之外，其内容及格式必须与纸质版完全一致(包括正文及附录)，且必须是一个单独的文件，文件格式只能为PDF或者Word格式之一(建议使用PDF格式)，不要压缩，文件大小不要超过20MB。

第十一条，支撑材料(不超过20MB)包括用于支撑论文模型、结果、结论的所有必要文件，至少应包含参赛论文的所有源程序，通常还应包含参赛论文使用的数据(赛题中提供的原始数据除外)、较大篇幅的`中间结果的图形或表格、难以从公开渠道找到的相关资料等。所有支撑材料使用WinRAR软件压缩在一个文件中(后缀为RAR);如果支撑材料与论文内容不相符，该论文可能会被取消评奖资格。支撑材料中不能包含承诺书和编号专用页，不能有任何可能显示答题人身份和所在学校及赛区的信息。如果确实没有需要提供的支撑材料，可以不提供支撑材料。

三、本规范的实施与解释

第十二条，不符合本格式规范的论文将被视为违反竞赛规则，可能被取消评奖资格。

第十三条，本规范的解释权属于全国大学生数学建模竞赛组委会。

说明：

(1)本科组参赛队从A、B题中任选一题，专科组参赛队从C、D题中任选一题。

(2)赛区可自行决定是否在竞赛结束时收集参赛论文的纸质版，但对于送全国评阅的论文，赛区必须提供符合本规范要求的纸质版论文(承诺书由赛区组委会保存，不必提交给全国组委会)。

(3)赛区评阅前将纸质版论文第一页(承诺书)取下保存，同时在第一页和第二页建立“赛区评阅编号”(由各赛区规定编号方式)，“赛区评阅纪录”表格可供赛区评阅时使用(由各赛区自行决定是否使用)。评阅后，赛区对送全国评阅的论文在第二页建立“送全国评阅统一编号”(编号方式由全国组委会规定)，然后送全国评阅。

这个问题很大，入门是有点麻烦的，读文档，写代码，多搜索，遇到问题，可以到ctex chinatex论坛，我的博客也总结了常用技巧

数模论文模板英文

标题摘要关键词正文

Recently,the problem of__________has aroused people's concern. However, different people hold different attitudes toward. A lot of people seem to think that__________________ There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem does us much harm(good)I quite agree with the statement that ________________,The reason are chiefly as follows, to start with___________,in addition_________,perhaps the primary reason is ___________,It has more advantages than disadvantages(disadvantages thanadvantages)。In my opinion, Taking all these factors into consideration, We naturally came to the conclusion that_________________. Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 最近，_______问题已引起人们的关注，然而，人们的态度各不相同，很多人似乎以为_________ 毫无疑问，对________问题应该给予足够的重视。它对我们很有坏处（好处）。我十分赞同这一论述_________________，主要的原因包括_____________一个原因是_________ 另一个原因_________或许最主要的是_________________.它的利多弊少。弊多利少在我的观点，把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论_______________________。显然，现在我们提出解决问题方案正是时候。

下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板，希望对你们有帮助。

Abstract

There are three hypotheses:

Abstract

The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.

我去年就参加了全国大学生数学建模竞赛，这些资料是我去年暑假整理的论文模板，如果资料不足的话，再联系我………………全国大学生数学建模竞赛论文格式规范 本科组参赛队从A、B题中任选一题，专科组参赛队从C、D题中任选一题。 论文用白色A4纸单面打印；上下左右各留出至少厘米的页边距；从左侧装订。 论文第一页为承诺书，具体内容和格式见本规范第二页。 论文第二页为编号专用页，用于赛区和全国评阅前后对论文进行编号，具体内容和格式见本规范第三页。 论文题目和摘要写在论文第三页上，从第四页开始是论文正文。 论文从第三页开始编写页码，页码必须位于每页页脚中部，用阿拉伯数字从“1”开始连续编号。 论文不能有页眉，论文中不能有任何可能显示答题人身份的标志。 论文题目用三号黑体字、一级标题用四号黑体字，并居中；二级、三级标题用小四号黑体字，左端对齐（不居中）。论文中其他汉字一律采用小四号宋体字，行距用单倍行距，打印时应尽量避免彩色打印。 提请大家注意：摘要应该是一份简明扼要的详细摘要（包括关键词），在整篇论文评阅中占有重要权重，请认真书写（注意篇幅不能超过一页，且无需译成英文）。全国评阅时将首先根据摘要和论文整体结构及概貌对论文优劣进行初步筛选。 引用别人的成果或其他公开的资料(包括网上查到的资料) 必须按照规定的参考文献的表述方式在正文引用处和参考文献中均明确列出。正文引用处用方括号标示参考文献的编号，如[1][3]等；引用书籍还必须指出页码。参考文献按正文中的引用次序列出，其中书籍的表述方式为：[编号] 作者，书名，出版地：出版社，出版年。参考文献中期刊杂志论文的表述方式为：[编号] 作者，论文名，杂志名，卷期号：起止页码，出版年。参考文献中网上资源的表述方式为：[编号] 作者，资源标题，网址，访问时间（年月日）。 在不违反本规范的前提下，各赛区可以对论文增加其他要求（如在本规范要求的第一页前增加其他页和其他信息，或在论文的最后增加空白页等）；从承诺书开始到论文正文结束前，各赛区不得有本规范外的其他要求（否则一律无效）。 本规范的解释权属于全国大学生数学建模竞赛组委会。[注]赛区评阅前将论文第一页取下保存，同时在第一页和第二页建立“赛区评阅编号”（由各赛区规定编号方式），“赛区评阅纪录”表格可供赛区评阅时使用（各赛区自行决定是否在评阅时使用该表格）。评阅后，赛区对送全国评阅的论文在第二页建立“全国统一编号”（编号方式由全国组委会规定，与去年格式相同），然后送全国评阅。论文第二页（编号页）由全国组委会评阅前取下保存，同时在第二页建立“全国评阅编号”。全国大学生数学建模竞赛组委会2009年3月16日修订数学建模论文一般结构1摘要（单独成页）主要理解、主要方法、主要结果、主要特点（不要图、不要表）作用：了解文件重要性，对文件有大致认识最佳页副：页面2/3。2、问题重述和分析3、问题假设假设是建模的基础，具有导向性，容易被忽视。常犯错误有缺少假设或假设不切实际。对一些关键性的或对结果有重大影响的条件或参数应该在假设中明确约定。作假设的两个原则：① 简化原则：抓住主要矛盾，舍弃次要因素，方便数学处理。② 贴近原则：贴近实际。以上两个原则是相互制约的，要掌握好“度”。通常是先建模后假设。4、符号说明（可以合并）5、模型建立与求解（重要程度：60%以上）6、模型检验（误差一般指均方误差）7、结果分析（可以合并）8、模型的进一步讨论或模型的推广9、模型优缺点10、参考文件11、附件（结果千万不能放在附件中）论文最佳页面数：15-21页 论文结构一题目摘要1.问题的重述2.合理假设3.符号约定4.问题的分析5.模型的建立与求解6.模型的评价与推广1、误差分析2、模型的改进与推广对XXXX切实可行的建议和意见：1.……2.…………7.参考文献8.附录 数学建模论文一般格式 摘要（主要理解、主要方法、主要结果、主要特点）或（背景、目标、方法、结果、结论、建议） 问题重述与分析 问题假设 符号说明 模型建立与求解 模型检验 结果分析 模型的进一步讨论 模型优缺点优秀论文要点：1. 语言精练、有逻辑性、书写有条理2. 文字与图形相结合，使内容直观、清晰、明了、容易理解3. 切忌只用文字进行说明，多运用图形或表格，并对图形或表格做精简的分析，毕竟文字性东西太过于枯燥、乏味，没人有耐性去看那么冗长的文章4. 对论文中所引用或用到的知识、软件要清晰地予以说明。5. 在附录中附上论文所必须要的一些数据（图形或表格），并将论文中所编写的程序附上去各步骤解释摘要：主要理解、主要方法、主要结果、主要特点（不要图、不要表）作用：了解文件重要性，对文件有大致认识最佳页副：页面2/3问题重述与分析：一向导、对题意的理解、 建模的创造性创造性是灵魂，文章要有闪光点。好创意、好想法应当既在人意料之外，又在人意料之中。新颖性（独特性）与合理性皆备。误区之一：数学用得越高深，越有创造性。解决问题是第一原则，最合适的方法是最好的方法。误区之二：创造性主要体现在建模与求解上。创造性可以体现在建模的各个环节上，并且可以有多种表现形式。误区之三：好创意来自于灵感，可遇不可求。好创意来自于对数学方法的掌握程度与对问题理解的透彻程度。 表达的清晰性好的文章 = 好的内容 + 好的表达 替读者着想。该交代的要交代，如对题目的理解，关键指标或参数的引入，建模的思路，结果的分析等。 写好摘要，包括：建模主要方法、主要结果，模型主要优点。 专人负责写作，及早动手。考虑写作的过程也是构思框架、理清思路的过程，有利于从总体上把握建模的思路，反过来促进建模。 适当采用图表，增加可读性。求采纳为满意回答。

论文模板英文

英语作文是可以提前积累一些模板的，在考试的时候套用这些句型，可以提高写作速度，也可以确保句式的准确性。下面是英语议论文的万能模板及范文，速看！

英语议论文写作模板一

recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题) has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. there are two major arguments that can be made for_________. for one thing， __________can bring ____ to_____________(优点一 )。 for another， it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二)。

but we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________， among which are ____________(列举缺点)。 for instance， it can be __________to _____________(举例说明)。 in addition， many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)

when asked to __________， i tend to ____________. this is because i _______________(原因一 )。 furthermore， _______________________(原因二)。 finally， ______________(原因三)。

英语议论文写作模板二

the effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.

first ， __________________(影响一 )。 more importantly， ________________(影响二)。 hence， i believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ nevertheless， i do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)

there are numerous reasons why ____， and i would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. the first is that the more(比较级)_____， the more (比较级)。 in addition， we all agree that________________________(第二个原因)

In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomenon?

近几年，大学生发觉找工作越来越难了。这听起来很奇怪，因为年轻的大学生通常是聪明的，受过良好教育，上进和渴望他们的才华得到充分发挥的。那么，是什么引起这一奇怪现象呢？

There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs.

有很多原因可以解释。首先，现在大学生的要求太高了。他们想要的是能提供较好的薪酬，舒适的工作环境，较高的社会地位的好工作。结果，大部分的大学生都不愿意接受他们认为不够好的空缺职位。另一个原因是一些学生在校学习的专业和空缺职位的需求有很大的差距。所以企业认为有些学生不适合那些工作。

Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-to–earth in building up their career. Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.

解决这一问题需要社会和学生的共同努力。企业应该看重学生，才能以及知识，而学生不应该只着眼于物质利益。他们应该脚踏实地的建立自己的职业生涯。另外，他们应该面对他们的弱点从而提高自己，使自己更有能力。

英语议论文模板英语

由于英语作文考查的是学生词汇、语法、句式等各种知识的掌握情况,因此学生要写好英语作文,就必须全面掌握英语知识。下面，是我为你整理的高中英语作文议论文模板，希望对你有帮助!

第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题)

Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文：

第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点)

Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)

第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)

Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由) 结论：

第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)

第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文：

第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is

that...(赞同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论：

第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ 3.观点论述类议论文模板：导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)

The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下) 正文：

第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构)

4."How to"类议论文模板：

导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题正文：

第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论：

第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)

The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下) 正文：

第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构) 4."How to"类议论文模板：

导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题正文：

第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

英语议论文写作模板一

when asked to __________， i tend to ____________. this is because i _______________(原因一 )。 furthermore， _______________________(原因二)。 finally， ______________(原因三)。

英语议论文写作模板二

the effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.

对于中考生来说，英语作文想要得高分，就要在平时多积累一些素材。下面整理了英语议论文作文模板，供大家参考。

Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)

Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)

However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)

Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)

There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ...毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。

Obviously,.... If we want to do something... , it is essential that...显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是……

Only in this way can we... 只有这样,我们才能...

is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…）

the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）

lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）

the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）

may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）

一、正反观点式议论文万能句（对比观点型）作文框架模版给出观点——正反观点二选一（有的人认为，有的人认为，你的观点）There is a widespread concern over the issue that________（作文题目）But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. (开头一般题目给出)The majority think that________（观点一）. First of all,________（原因一）.Furthermore, ________（原因二）. So it goes without saying that________（观点一）.People,however,differ in their opinions on this people hold the view that________（观点二）. On the one hand，________（原因一）. On the other hand,________（原因二）. Therefore, there is no doubt that ________（观点二）As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that观点一或二.It is not only because ________(原因一), but also because ________.（原因二）It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way eventually can we ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：有一个广泛引起关注的问题________。但众所周知有关这个热点话题的观点因人而异。绝大多数人认为________。首先，________。而且，________。因此不言而喻________。然而在这个话题上人们的观点各不相同。有的人持有的观点是________。一方面，________。另一方面，________。因此，毫无疑问________。就我而言，我强烈支持________的观点。不仅因为________，还因为________。该是________的时候了。只有这样我们最终才能________。二、“A或者B”类议论文万能句：（说明利弊型）作文框架模版：说明某一事物的优缺点及自己的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. First of all ,________(A的优点之一).Moreover,________（A的优点之二）.Besides ,________(A的优点之三)But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ________(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse, ________(A的第二个缺点)．Through above analyses, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to________ (我的看法)．或者(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, (对前景的预测)．模版译文：现如今很多人更喜欢A,因为它在我们生活中扮演了一个重要的角色。总的来说。他的优点如下。首先________。而且，________。除此之外，________。但凡事都有利有弊，消极的一面也是很明显的。最重要的缺点是________。更糟糕的是________通过以上分析，我认为积极的一面胜过消极的一面。因此，我更喜欢________。三、观点论述类议论文万能句：（现象说明型）作文框架模版现象说明型：说明某一现象及其产生的原因和自己的看法Nowadays, there are more and more ________ (某种现象) in ________ (某种场合). It is estimated that________ (相关数据). Why have there been so many ________ (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, ________ (原因一). Besides, (原因二). Last but not least, ________ (原因三).Personally, the main cause of ________ (某种现象) is due to ________ (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,________ (解决办法一). For another, ________ (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the amount of ________ (某种现象).模版译文：现如今在________(某种场合) 有越来越多的________。(某种现象) 据统计，________。为神马有如此多的________?也许原因如下。首先，________。除此之外，________。最后但同样重要的是，________。我认为，引起________的主要原因是________。该是时候采取些措施了。一方面，________。另一方面，________。所有这些措施都将会解决________。阐述主题型：要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．四、"How to"类议论文万能句：（问题解决型）作文框架模版模版①要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1．问题现状 2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face a problem________A, which , surprisingly , is becoming more and more serious. First of all, ________(说明A的现状)．Secondly, ________(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing,________(解决方法一). For another, ________(解决方法二). Finally, ________解决方法三).Personally, I believe that ________(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________(带来的好处).模版译文：现如今我们不得不面对一个问题________A，这个问题正变得越来越严重。首先，________。其次，________。面对A，我们应该采取一系列的措施来解决这个处境。一方面，________。另一方面，________。最后，________。就我而言，我认为________。因此，我相信一个崭新的未来正在等待着我们，因为________。图表作文写作万能句（图表分析型）（常给出折线图、饼状图、条形、扇形等统计图）描写图表变化趋势的词：（建议使用斜体加横线的词，个人认为比较形象）上升：increase / rise / go up / rocket（迅速增加）下降：decrease / reduce / come down/ decline快：quickly / rapidly / sharply / dramatically 慢：slowly / gradually作文框架模版As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentagein the table (graph/ picture /pie /chart ), ________(作文的议题)has been on rise (increases /drops /decreases ), significantly /dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_％ in _年_ to _％_ in _年_. From the sharp /marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that________(现象总结)There are at least two good reasons accounting for________(总结的现象). On the one hand, ____. On the other hand, ________ is duetothefactthat ________. In addition, __ is responsible for ________.(Maybe there are some other reasons to show it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. )As far as I am concerned,I hold the view that _______. It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way can ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：正如图表所展示的那样，________一直在增长。从图表中飞速的增长，不言而喻________。至少有两个原因来解释________。一方面，________。另一方面，________是因为________.除此之外,________是________的原由.就我而言,我持有________的观点.该是________的时候了.只有这样我们最终才能________。