中外文化交流论文范文大全初中英语

好吧，中西方文化最好能从小处写，这有范文一篇Eastern Culture VS Western CultureThe world we live in is composed of an immense diversity of different One of the main contrasts within this diversity of cultures is the differences between the East and W Eastern and Western cultures contrast each other in many different In this essay， I will discuss how the difference in culture between the East and West differs and how it also affects the difference in behaviors of Firstly， I would like to point out that there are apparent evidences to how the two cultures are different from each other from what we can see and For example， the languages spoken at each end of the world are completely different in characters， tone， and What are visible to us from the outside such as clothing， language， behavior are all differences in which everybody can Of course， when we minimize our area of observation rather than the general picture， we must not neglect the fact that there are many different cultures consisting in both the East and West which also vary in very different It is most significant to understand the existence of many different cultures other than your own while having a broad and open mind or else it will be the cause of conflicts and tension between people and This is also because each culture has their own way of portraying something through communication， religion， customs， lifestyles， and so Misunderstandings may arise due to the lack of understanding and knowledge of a person regarding another culture that is not their Following the difference in expressing cultures， let’s let Asia represent the E Asians focus very much on respect and personal distance very They are known to always be very formal and polite even when talking to their own In Asian cultures， when having a conversation with somebody， you will realize that they are not too exposed and only expose a minimum of their expressions such as their They tend to avoid showing their emotions when having a conversation to remain neutral so they do not give any false assumptions to who they are talking Regarding the personal distance， they avoid any contact with the other person and keep to their own For example， in Asian cultures people would bow or tilt their heads as a sign of “hello，” “thank you，” or “goodbye，” whereas in Western culture， a handshake or even a hug is considered to be Asian culture strongly values the hierarchy system in which they very much respect their superiors and anyone above them in the social Rank or status is evident especially in the business culture of Asian countries because the attitude of an employee to their employer shows the at most respect， loyalty， and Treating every person the same way in Asian culture can be considered rude at times because what may be acceptable in the western culture may not be acceptable in Asian For example， the eldest son in a family will not be permitted to talk to his parents or grandparents the same way he talks to his younger This social hierarchy is apparent in Asian schools where people in younger schools act very polite to their This social hierarchy that exists in schools has become a serious issue in recent years because it has become the cause of Next， I would like to discuss the Western culture in contrast to Eastern or Asian The quality of life is strongly valued in western culture where families should be prioritized before Western cultures such as the US are much more laid back compared to Eastern cultures regarding human Western cultures are not as reserved and stand closer together when having It is interesting to see the difference between the East and West when relating their cultures to their In Western cultures， they consider life as a form of service， whether it is toward your business， family， belief， and so In Eastern cultures， life is viewed as a never ending journey， although of course this depends on which Eastern cultural belief we are focused Eastern cultural tend to have a more spiritual approach to their goals where they encourage each individual to lead a virtuous life while striving towards their success， while Western culture is more materialistic which refers to the concrete elements you have in your life such as money and strives towards success through ethical analysis and In conclusion， there are many aspects such as communication， religion， behavior， lifestyles， and so on which can be compared and contrasted with between Eastern and Western The major difference is derived from the different cultural values， beliefs， and teachings in each of the cultures that differentiates the two It is an interesting fact that a completely different culture and people exist directly on the other side of the Each culture has its own unique， significant， and valuable elements which is important to acknowledge when understanding different cultures to avoid

例如：朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。一人得道，鸡犬升天。衙门八字开，有理无钱莫进来。只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。四、风俗习惯不同的民族形成了各自独特的风俗习惯：正如英语中一句谚语所说的：“So many countries， so many ”在对狗的态度上，中国人脑海中狗如同鸡、鸭、猪一样是一种地位十分卑微的动物。常常把狗与“下贱”、“低微”、“无赖”等贬义词联系在一起，如“狼心狗肺”、“狗腿子”、“猪狗不如”、“狐朋狗党”等，[5]（P83）虽然狗也用作看家护院、狩猎、牧羊。狗还常被宰杀烹调，这在西方人看来是非常不能接受的。中国人对狗的态度在谚语中可以体现出来，如：狗眼看人低。好狗不挡道。狗嘴里吐不出象牙。狗改不了吃屎。痛打落水狗。而狗在西方人眼中不仅是狩猎、看门、工作的得力可靠的好帮手，更是生活中重要的伴侣和朋友，是抚慰人们寂寞空虚生活不可缺少的一部分，甚至将其视为家中的成员，与狗有着深厚的感情。在西方还有发生狗死后，为其安葬立碑的事。因此，狗的形象在英语谚语中是褒义的，人们对狗是怜爱、赞赏的。英语谚语之中，常常以狗的形象来比喻人的行为。如：You are a lucky 你是一个幸运儿。 Every dog has its 各人皆有出头之日。 Old dog will not learn new 老人学不了新东西。 Love me， love my 爱屋及乌。而英语中兔子常代表胆怯，但汉语中与“胆怯”相联系的动物形象则是老鼠。因此有谚语“气壮如牛，胆小如鼠”；英语民族常用狮子比喻力量、雄威，所以有谚语：March comes in like a lion and goes out like a 三月来如猛狮；去如羔羊。Every dog is a lion at 狗是百步王，只在门前狠。A lion may be beholden to a 老鼠也能帮狮子；弱者也能帮强者。这里因为狮子多产于非洲、印度等地，而英国历史上与这些地区或国家有着很深的关系。而我国不产狮子，无论南方北方都产老虎。[6]（P73）从前，老虎数量繁多，常出没山林，侵扰人民，甚至危害人命。人们认为虎为百兽之王，对虎十分敬畏，有“养虎为患”、“伴君如伴虎”的说法，把虎看作力量、威武、雄壮的象征，因此产生了许多关于与老虎有关的谚语。例如：山中无老虎，猴子称大王。不入虎穴，焉得虎子。虎毒不食子初生牛犊不怕虎。五、民族性格中西方由于各自生存环境的差异，以及人们对自身环境的不同应战，发展出各自不同的社会文明，从而产生了不同的文化取向、价值观念、性格特征。在古希腊，由于土地的贫瘠，海上通道的开辟，再加上频繁的战争和几次大规模的民族迁徙，使得他们很早就发展起商业经济，创造了人类最古老的商业文明。西方成了典型的商业社会，人们从事着频繁的商业活动，正所谓“The English are a nation of shop-”（英国全民皆商，外表富强）。经商的成效不在天地鬼神而在自己，在于自己的才干。[7]（P22-23）商场中的竞争激烈、优胜劣汰、你失我得，这形成了西方人个人意识较强、重视个人作用、个人独立自主、个人利益的个人主义思想。Self comes 自我利益是第一位的。Everyman for himself and God for us 个人为自己，上帝为大家。Near is my shirt， but nearer is my 自己的利益最切身。Self-preservation is the first law of 保存自己是自然界的第一法则。He who depends on another dines ill and sups 指望别人，难有好吃喝。而经商见效快、获利多、风险大，也养成了西方人急功近利、富于进取、敢于冒险的流动性格。If at first you don’t succeed， try， try， try Forbidden fruit is Catch as catch Discontent is the first step in Life is a battle from cradle to 人生是一场从摇篮到坟墓的战斗。Life， to be worthy of a rational being， must be always in 人生必须永远前进，才不愧为有理智的人。Fortune favors the 勇者天佑。个人主义思想使西方人重视突出个人，喜欢表现自己的个性，乐于标新立异，爱出风头，尊重个性、自我，并鼓励个性发展，对别人因个性表现出的任何形态都能够理解接受，这可以在谚语中体现出来。It’s squeaky wheel that gets the 吱吱叫的轮子先上油。Tastes 个人品位不同。Every man after his 个人追求个人的风格。 If you’ve got it， flaunt 这句谚语来源于一部The producer的美国电影。意思是如果你有钱、本事、美貌或性感，就应该让人瞧瞧。[8]（P334）而以农业为根本的中国人则截然不同，农业的收获往往不在耕种者，而是老天。人的意志如何强大也阻止不了干旱、洪水、风暴等天灾的来临。[7]（P23）另外农业见效慢，而一年一度的丰收来自于长期的扎扎实实、坚持不懈的努力劳动，这形成了中国人思想意识中安定保守、善于坚持忍耐、缺乏冒险、知足的性格的特质。[5]（P23）

这个150词是写不明白的吧？

The News Report has always been my favorite TV Almost everyday I turn on the TV at 6:30 and wait for the news This has become a part of my 　　 The News Report contains a large amount of information C from the international political situation to the latest foot-ball And the most important character is its fast Because of this fast pace， news programs can contain much information in a short 　　 In my opinion， the News Report is more than a TV It is a way of From this program， people can know and understand world The world thus becomes smaller and I especially appreciate this benefit of watching the How something changed me I don't konw when and how the life changed me to be the one who is typing in this But I know I am changing From the biological aspect， I am changing in My skin will become old and then die， my blood cells need to be replaced by new There are millons of biochemical reations happening in my body every Yeah， that's Compared with the girl wose owned the name' HH'， the currently HH is more In these years， I became to have confidence in my At least， I am not so ugly as I usually At the same time， I cam to know what is a In a society， you cannot live You must communicate with When you do everything， you need to meet with some Yes， I need to face the Never to escape from the true world and the relationships in the true I was afraid of meeting with strangers even till But the enviroment pushs me to change I am always an emotional Maybe， more rational thinking should be conducted before I make any Er， I need to learn about Some bad things happened on me when I grew to be the current :( I lost my former interest in reading， maybe because of other media such as movie， TV and I cannot focus on studying as There are many other things I will I am always on my way to find out who I am and who I want to Till now， there is still no Maybe the real answer will not be found till the last But at least， I own my experience today and more in I don't know what I want to be so I need to know more and try more before I get to the right place

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中英语版

Since the world has various culture，the distinction between different culture is obivious， Such cross- cultural communication sometimes can be They are originated from misunderstanding，discrimination，or merely unfamiliar with other The influences of such misunderstanding are usually For instance，negotiation with foreign partners may be prevented due to lacking of relevant knowledge of their Then what can we do to decrease，if can not eliminate such misunderstanding?First and foremost，it is fundermental to get in touch with different culture so as to know We can take advantage of network，as well as magzines and other materials to master more knowledge of other In this age，cross- cultural communication is Thus，it is important and necessary to take part in such trend and communicate 不是特别明白你作文的意思和要求，按我的理解写了文化差异和跨文化交流，如果你是需要英国的跨文化交流，你再修改下，大同小异

With the strong development between China and wetern cultures， some western customs have also been brought into C More and more western customs like holidays or behaviors have been well accepted by Chinese and more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Chinese cultures as It is a good phenomenon that China are melting into worldwide culture in many areas， which can be good for international business developing and national Besides， letting more people to know about China is also a good way to break theories like China However， it is also need to be noted， especially for those young Chinese to well reserve good Chinese traditions， but not to indulge in western fashion trends

中外文化交流史论文范文大全初中英语

我可以写，我不是中介，有需要可以百度HI我。

中西文化历来是世界文化的两大派系，而饮食在两个文化中部占有非常重要的地位。中西文化之间的差异从而造就了中西饮食文化的差异，在两种不同的文化背景下，中西方饮食习俗，不论在其观念、性质，还是在其方式、对象等诸多方面，所存在的差异是非常鲜明的。笔者根据自己几十年从事西式餐饮的经验，提出以下几点看法，以供参考。　　1、中西饮食观念的差异　　历史上，中国是世界上最古老的国家之一，有5000年的悠久而厚重的历史，创造了无数的灿烂文明，在这种文化蕴藏中，使中国的饮食更加博大精深。随着时间的流逝以及辽阔国土的地域差异，四大菜系逐渐形成，四大菜系自成体系，各有特点，但共同点是用料复杂考究，制作方法复杂，口味、菜式多种多样，令人惊叹。　　西方以欧美为代表，其文化同样源远流长。到中世纪，欧洲文化已十分完善，在此期间，旧西方的饮食文化已经形成。其主要特点为：主食以面粉为主，原料也较为丰富，制作方法较中国简单，但同时也十分注重口味。　　由于中西哲学思想的不同，西方人于饮食重科学。重科学即讲求营养。故西方饮食以营养为最高准则，进食犹如为一生物的机器添加燃料，特别讲求食物的营养成分，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素及各类无机元素的含量是否搭配合宜，热量的供给是否恰到好处以及这些营养成分是否能为进食者充分吸收，有无其他副作用。这些问题都是烹调中的大学问，而菜肴的色、香、味如何，则是次一等的要求。即或在西方首屈一指的饮食大国——法国，其饮食文化虽然在很多方面与我们近似，但一接触到营养问题，双方便拉开了距离。　　中国五味调和的烹调术旨在追求美味，其加工过程中的热油炸和长时间的文火攻，都会使菜肴的营养成分被破坏。法国烹调虽亦追求美味，但同时总不忘“营养”这一大前提，一味含营养而求美味是他们所不取的。尤其是20世纪60年代出现的现代烹调思想，特别强调养生、减肥，从而追求清淡少油，强调采用新鲜原料，强调烹调过程中保持原有的营养成分和原有的味道，所以蔬菜基本上都是生吃。所以说西方饮食之重营养是带有普遍性的。　　2、中西饮食对象的差异　　西方人认为菜肴是充饥的，所以专吃大块肉、整块鸡等“硬菜”；而中国的菜肴是“吃味”的。所以中国烹调在用料上也显出极大的随意性：许多西方人视为弃物的东西，在中国都是极好的原料，外国厨师无法处理的东西，一到中国厨师手里，就可以化腐朽为神奇。足见中国饮食在用料方面的随意性之广博。　　据西方植物学者的调查，中国人吃的菜蔬有600多种，比西方多6倍。实际上，在中国人的菜肴里，素菜是平常食品，荤菜只有在节假日或生活水平较高时，才进入平常的饮食结构，所以自古便有“菜食”之说，菜食在平常的饮食结构中占主导地位。中国人的以植物为主菜，与佛教徒的鼓吹有着千丝万缕的联系。佛教便视动物为“生灵”，而植物则“无灵”，所以，主张素食主义。　　西方人在介绍自己国家的饮食特点时，觉得比中国更重视营养的合理搭配，有较为发达的食品工业，如罐头、快餐等，虽口味千篇一律，但节省时间，且营养良好。故他们国家的人身体普遍比中国人健壮：高个、长腿、宽大的肩、发达的肌肉；而中国人则显得身材瘦小、肩窄腿短、色黄质弱。有人根据中西方饮食对象的明显差异这一特点，把中国人称为植物性格，西方人称为动物性格。　　3、中西钦食方式、餐具及礼仪的不同　　中西方的饮食方式有很大不同，这种差异对民族性格也有影响。在中国，任何一个宴席，不管是什么目的，都只会有一种形式，就是大家团团围坐，共享一席；筵席要用圆桌，这就从形式上造成了一种团结、礼貌、共趣的气氛。美味佳肴放在一桌人的中心，它既是一桌人欣赏、品尝的对象，又是一桌人感情交流的媒介物。人与人相互敬酒、相互让菜、劝菜，在美好的事物面前，体现了人与人之间相互尊重、争让的美德。虽然从卫生的角度看，这种饮食方式有明显的不足之处，但它符合我们民族“大团圆”的普遍心态，反映了中国古典哲学中“和”这个范畴对后代思想的影响，便于集体的情感交流，因而至今难以改革。　　在餐具方面，差异就更甚明显。众所周知，中国人包括亚洲一些黄种人的国家，使用的是筷子、汤匙，吃饭也用碗盛；而西方人呢，则是盘子盛食物，用刀叉即切即吃，喝汤则有专门的汤匙。筷子与刀叉作为东西方最具代表性的两种餐具，筷子和刀叉影响了东西方不同的生活方式，代表着不同的两种智慧。著名的物理学家、诺贝尔物理奖获得者李政道博士，在接受一位日本记者采访时，也有一段很精辟的论述：“中华民族是个优秀民族，中国人早在春秋战国时期就使用了筷子。如此简单的两根东西，却是高妙绝伦地运用了物理学上的杠杆原理。筷子是人类手指的延伸，手指能做的事它几乎都能做，而且不怕高温与寒冷。真是高明极了!”　　在礼仪方面，中西两者更显不同。在中国古代，在用餐过程中，就有一套繁文缛节。《礼记·曲记》载：“共食不饱，共饭不择手，毋放饭，……毋固获，毋扬饭，……卒食，客自前跪，撒饭齐以授相者，主人辞于客，然后客坐。”这段话大意主要是：大家共同吃饭时，不可以只顾自己吃饭。如果和别人一起吃饭，必须检查手的清洁。不要把多余的饭放回锅里，不要专占着食物，也不要簸扬着热饭。吃完饭后，客人应该起身向前收拾桌上的盘碟，交给主人，主人跟着起身，请客人不要劳动，然后客人再坐下。这些礼仪有的在现代也是必要的礼貌。在西方宴席上，主人一般只给客人夹一次菜，其余由客人自主食用：若客人不要，也不便硬让人家再吃，也不要按中国人的习惯频频给客人劝酒、夹菜。吃东西时，也不要发出响声，但客人要注意赞赏主人准备的饭菜。若与人谈话，只能与邻座的交谈，不要与距离远的人交谈。　　4、中西饮食性质的差异　　饮食观念的不同，使西方饮食倾向于科学、理性，中国饮食倾向于艺术、感性。烹调出自饮食，饮食原来是一个旨在供给维持生命的营养。西方饮食习俗的着重点仅仅是原始的饮食实用性的延伸；而中国饮食习俗中对味的偏重，就把饮食推向了艺术的殿堂。从这两种饮食观可以看出：西方饮食日趋规范化，中，国饮食随意性大。　　中西方饮食文化差异是明显的，而且各有长处。随着经济全球化及信息变流的加快，中西饮食文化将在碰撞中不断融合，在融合中相互互补。现在的中餐已开始注重食物的营养性、健康性和烹饪的科学性；西餐也开始向中餐的色、香、味、意、形的境界发展。中西餐饮文化将在交流中共同发展。

中西文化中颜色词语的象征意义 The symbolic meaning of the color word of between China and western countries Summary: Show in the Chinese-English language the words of different colors or color is very We not merely should pay attention to observing themselves' basic meaning， should paying attention to the deep and broad symbolic meaning of their meaning even more， because their symbolic meaning often has different characteristics in different national languages， some characteristics even form people to the advocating and taboo of the color after guiding stretching ， transferred The difference of symbolic meanings of the color between such different culture is because of each national difference and producing of historical background ， aesthetic psychology of culture， sanctified by usage in the sediment of development ， history in the society， it is a kind of permanent culture The angle that this text attempts to compare from Chinese and Western culture with analysis， probe into various nationalities' culture to develop the impact on symbolic meaning of the color The human language is extensive and profound， different countries， the unique glamour that different and national color words demonstrate， make people regard with special In Great Britain's Chinese-English language， all very abundant to displaying different colors or the word of the We not merely want to understand their each one's own basic meaning， should pay attention to the deep and broad symbolic meaning of their meaning even Because often there are different characteristics in different national languages in symbolic meanings of the color， some characteristics have not represented the meaning of its word itself yet， but guide stretching， transferred meaning to First ， midwest square color word because of our country and hopeless the greater part English country ten thousand li apart objective cause ， symbolic meaning of difference， in the geographical position ， scene that history aches ， very great difference exists aesthetically psychologically， so the feeling of seeking the color word will not be the The symbolic meaning that a color word shows will be various naturally This text will do some brief contrasts and discussions on the color of the word and symbolic meaning difference in Chinese and Western By the look of definition of the color， color through eyes brain and people a kind of vision effect to the light experience of life produce， it is a vision phenomenon launched ， reflecting or causing through certain light wave by the object， it is a kind of basic domestic animal of the human eye vision About the definition of， it is relatively short to going through the time of the feudal society， and in nearly modern science is popularized and the west of development says at full speed， it is easier they The west relatively pays attention to the analysis things with rational science from the beginning， display it to the objective world and realistic scientific attitude known So， the symbolic meaning of the color is often more direct in western culture， generally symbolize some abstract cultural meaning with the concrete color of objective things For example: Western culture " getting red " to point color of " blood " but blood surge forward life liquid of the human body among the mind in westerner mainly， once the blood trickles， the life stops ， so， the red make people associate it with the violence ， dangerous， thus produced to the red Western Sinologist translate " Dream of the Red Chamber " may because of the fact that consider " red " make them is it bleed to associate it with， so adopted title " the stone is written " that the novel had used originally， English meant story of the stone to compare with the western civilization， Chinese culture is of long standing and well established， the feudal society that China goes through several thousand years， education and science lag behind relatively， so， in Chinese culture， the thought that the color expresses has strong mystery flavor， the development of the objective reality receives China's social development relatively Color intension and symbolic meaning are very abundant in Chinese culture， and the symbolic meaning of the color word is For example， the red in Chinese culture comes from the Our ancestor has a kind of instinctive attachment and worships to the sunshine， the red joyous and lucky production naturally of With getting white as example and then， in mankind initial stage， our ancestor is small and weak and unable， make them completely exposed in broad daylight， an attack of the irresistible fiendish beast of prey， therefore the dialogue color has a kind of instinctive frightened sense， so the white becomes a kind of color and prohibits avoiding as taboo in Chinese It is obvious; the symbolic meaning of the color demonstrates the human psychological characteristics at the same Second， concrete description of different symbolic meanings of the color in Chinese and Western ， the red advocates the color basically in our country's It is lucky ， joyous that it symbolizes; For example facilitate others bright marriage name " matchmaker "， joyous day will be it register for bright red lantern to want， stick to and form uniting red， the red good fortune word: The man sticks the bright red " liking " word while marrying the daughter and is married， one is lively | The prosperity is named " flourishing "; It symbolizes the revolution and progress again， for instance， Communist Party of China's initial regime is named " red regime "， the initial arms are called " the Red Army "; It is it smoothly ， succeed to symbolize too， such as to very kind to known as " becoming much more popular " circumstances have people; Trusted unduly and called " the favourite follower " by the superior ; Assign to and manage profits and shout and " share out bonus"， load the end with the beautiful woman to call " the beauty " ， The red is one to demote symbol that the word with quite strong purpose is " fire ， blood " in western culture， representatives are cruel and ferocious and If (1)， is it massacre with violence is it claim for The red rules of tooth and claw (2 ) bloody to revenge for red revenge to ruling to describe; It symbolizes the radical violent revolution again， such as (1)It is a red revolution to describe the red revolution (2)Radical political movement represent for red hot political campaign (3 ) the Left radical activity commendatory as for a getting red one for red activities， for instance joyous day the red carpet of red days， grand reception ，， benefit from different culture and exchange and 2， White and red and opposite， it is a basic taboo word; reflect Chinese are in the material and spiritual abandoning and The white does not have blood color， dead behavior; symbolize the death， ill If the relative has wanted to wrap rough Dai Xiao after dying since ancient times， worn the white mourning dress， is called the funeral， set up the white mourning hall ， should hit the white long narrow flag while carrying a coffin to the cemetery Getting white word is it reach political influence is it fail， be unwise， is it take to have no profit to signify also to like in the course of its development， such as party that fail play " white flag " say that surrenders always among war; Call person with low intelligence " eat free "， exert oneself but make the advantage or come to naught and is named " busy oneself to no purpose " | " waste strength " Finally， it signifies there is little knowledge， there is not fame and gain， such as calling rank and file “the commoner "， temper being scarce， scholar not deep calls “the pale-faced scholar "， the Western culture getting white symbolic meaning focus on one's own color their mainly， snow such as being new， fresh milk and color of the Westerners think it white and graceful and pure， so it is the advocating color in the western It is evil that it signifies that too pure to have， such as (1) a white souls， pure white wedding bride's wedding in white full dress of soul (2 ); It is honest ， honest that it symbolizes again， such as (1) a white spirit honest soul (2)A white men is noble， an educated (3)White hand is honest; It is honest ， honest that it symbolizes again， such as (1) a white spirit honest soul (2)A white men is noble， an educated (3)White hand is honest; It symbolize lucky too， if (1) somebody， life of one of the white days o f sib’s， it have legal and having hostile meaning lucky day of the life， such as (1) white market legal market， 3， the black has heavy mysterious senses in Chinese culture， it is a kind of serious and serious tone， and its symbolic meaning seems comparatively complicated because of affecting by western On one hand it symbolizes serious ， justice， black face Boa Zhen in the popular legend ， black type of facial make up of Zhang Fey ， Li Chui in traditional Beijing opera ，; It again because a one's own one their dark to give somebody sinisterly ， sinister and terrific feeling while being unglazed on the other It symbolizes evilly， reactionary， such as meaning the sinisterly vicious person is a black heart， hidden repulsive inside information is " shady deal "， members of the reactionary group are the reactionary gang， evil backstage manipulator， call the ruler for the list of the dissident that draws up blacklist， (2) legal bright form that white list is sanctioned， (3) a white lie harmless It show crime ， break the law， such as is it do bandit conduct shout " walk the underworld " ， is it kill robbery of goods ， do illegal inn of business name the gangster inn to claim to claim， the violated goods trade calls the black market， is named the dirty money and waited with the money that the illegal means is obtained It is the basic taboo color in the western culture to be black (black)， have reflected westerner's spiritual abandoning and It symbolizes the death ， ill omen ， disaster， if (1) Black Mass fits fairy Mass， (2) to wear black for her father is her father Dai Xiao， (3)black words unlucky words， (4) the fierce day of a black letter day; It symbolizes the evilness ， crime， such as (1) the evil devil of Black Man， (2) a black de ed extremely abominable black guard ruffian ， hooligan of behavior (3 ); It symbolizes shame， inglorious too， if a black eye disgraced ， bad reputation of a black mark stain (2 ) of (1 ); Depressed ， angry that it still symbolizes， such as (1) black dog depressed mood， (2) The future looks black prospects are dim， (3)He gave me a black He is looking at me in a great 4，In a word there is a very great difference in different national culture in the symbolic meaning of the color Fundamentally， among Chinese culture， symbol of color based on China in the past ruling of feudalism， feudalistic superstition and primitive， backward science， educational state take shape， so the symbolic meaning of the color has quite strong inclination of politicizing and The color in western culture signifies that benefits from the popularization degree of the national opening in the west and science ， education more， symbolic meaning its little and mysterious， getting many some reason， make sometime ， motivation easy to track the meaning of a word Symbolic meanings of the color between different cultures are all sanctified by usage in the sediment of development， history in the society; it is a kind of permanent culture ， interesting， humor， cordial that they can make the language more vivid! List of references: 1， “modern Chinese dictionary "， Foreign Language Teaching and Research Publishing H June of 1998 2， Zhang Devin， " informal discussion of Chinese and foreign languages "， the publishing house of university of Henna is 3， Li Yantis， <>， the 2nd Foreign Language I of Beijing， 1998 4， Jig Mingling， " the social cultural meaning of English color word is analyzed "， the journal of Zhen Zhou University， 3 5， " 300 Tang poetries "， Jillian People's Press，汉英语言中表示各种不同颜色或色彩的词语都很丰富。我们不仅要注意观察它们本身的基本意义，更要留心它们含义深广的象征意义，因为它们的象征意义在不同民族语言中往往有不同的特点，有些特点甚至构成了人们对经过引伸、转义以后颜色的崇尚和禁忌。这种不同文化之间颜色象征意义的差异是由于各自民族的文化历史背景、审美心理的不同而产生的，是在社会的发展、历史的沉淀中约定俗成的，是一种永久性的文化现象。本文试图从中西文化对比的角度，去分析、探究各民族文化发展对颜色词的象征意义的影响。在人类语言中，颜色词语表现出的独特魅力，令人刮目相看。在汉英语言中，表示各种不同颜色或色彩的词都很丰富。我们不仅要注意观察它们本身的基本意义，更要留心它们含义深广的象征意义，因为颜色的象征意义在不同民族语言中往往有不同的特点，有些特点甚至构成了人们对经过引伸、转义以后颜色的崇尚和禁忌。由于我国与绝大部分英语国家相隔万里，地理位置、自然现象、历史背景、审美心理等千差万别，人们对于颜色的感受和表达不尽相同。这样，颜色的象征意义在中西文化之间自然又会产生很大的差异。本文拟就中西文化中词语的颜色、词语的象征意义作一些对比和探讨，以求教于同行和读者。从科学的定义来说，颜色是由物体发射、反射或透过一定光波所引起的视觉现象，是人眼视觉的一种基本特征。颜色生成的这种定义，对经历封建社会时间相对短，且在近代和现代教育和科学得到普及和飞速发展的西方来说，是比较易于为他们所接受的。西方从文明一开始，就比较注重科学理性的教育和科学方法的发现，对客观世界和客观认识采取现实的科学态度。因此，西方文化中颜色的象征意义往往比较直接，一般是用客观事物的具体颜色来象征某些抽象的文化含义，所以更易追溯其语义理据和逻辑理据。例如：西方文化中的红色（red）主要指鲜血（blood）颜色，而blood在西方人心目中是奔腾在人体内的"生命之液"。一旦鲜血流淌下来，生命之花也就凋谢。所以red使西方人联想到"暴力"和"危险"产生了一种颜色禁忌。美国学者阿思海姆在他的《色彩论》中说："色彩能有力的表达情感。……红色被认为是令人激动的，因为它能使我们想到火、血和革命的含义。"著名汉学家霍克斯在翻译"红楼梦"时，由于意识到red可能使现代英语读者联想到“暴力"、"流血"，所以采用小说原来曾使用的书名《石头记》，译为The story of the stone。但是由于中国经历了几千年的封建社会以及教育和科技的相对落后，在中国文化中，颜色的生成具有强烈的神秘色彩，它的发展受到中国社会文化发展的较大影响。在先秦，颜色词就已经与古人的世界观、哲学思想联系在一起，后来又与政治挂钩。所以中国文化中的颜色内涵和象征意义十分丰富，而且颜色词的象征意义是多元的。例如，从文化人类学角度来讲，中国文化中的红色源于太阳，因为烈日如火，其色赤红。我们的初祖在祭祈巫舞的过程中，对阳光有一种本能的依恋和崇拜，红色的喜庆和吉祥之意自然而然地产生了。古人还认为"日至而万物生" （《淮南子•天文训》）感到阳光下万物繁茂，生机勃勃，令人振奋，因而对代表太阳的红色产生了特别亲切的感情。再以白色为例，在人类初始阶段，我们的祖先弱小而无力，无法抗拒凶恶猛兽的攻击、光天化日的白昼使他们暴露无遗，有一种随时都有被食肉猛兽扑食的危险，因而对白色有一种本能的恐惧感；另外，我们的初祖还观察到"月到中秋分外明"，因而认为明月与萧煞的秋季连在一起，而代表秋天的颜色也就是白色了（银白色的中秋之月）。这样白色在中国文化里就成了一种颜色禁讳。可见颜色的象征意义在漫长的历史进程中的约定俗成的，体现出某种心理功能。下面我们就中西文化中颜色的不同象征意义进行具体描述。 1、红色红色是我国文化中的基本崇尚色，它体现了中国人在精神和物质上的追求。它象征着吉祥、喜庆，如把促成他人美好婚姻的人叫"红娘"，喜庆日子要挂大红灯笼、贴红对联、红福字；男娶女嫁时贴大红"喜"字，把热闹、兴旺叫做"红火"；形容繁华、热闹的地方叫"红尘"；它又象征革命和进步，如中共最初的政权叫“红色政权”，最早的武装叫“红军”，把政治上要求进步、业务上刻苦钻研的人称为“又红又专”等；它也象征顺利、成功，如人的境遇很好被称为"走红"、"红极一时"，得到上司宠信的叫"红人"，分到合伙经营利润叫"分红"，给人发奖金叫"送红包"等；它还象征美丽、漂亮，如指女子盛妆为"红妆"或"红装" ，把艳妆女子称为"红袖"，指女子美艳的容颜为"红颜"等。西方文化中的红色（red）则是一个贬意相当强的词，是"火"、"血"的联想，它象征着残暴、流血，如（1）The red rules oftooth and claw残杀和暴力统治，（2）red revenge血腥复仇，（3）ared battle血战；它又象征激进、暴力革命，如（1）red hotpolitical campaign激烈的政治运动，（2）a red revolution 赤色革命，（3）red activities左派激进活动；它也象征危险、紧张，如（1）red alert空袭报警，（2）a red adventure story一个令人紧张的冒险故事，（3）a red flag危险信号旗；它还象征着放荡、淫秽，如（ 1）a red waste of his youth他那因放荡而浪费的青春，（2）ared light district花街柳巷（红灯区），（ 3）Is she really sored as she is painted？难到她真的象人们所描绘的那样放荡吗？至于红色的褒义，如red—letter day喜庆的日子，the red carpet隆重的接待等，则得益于不同文化之间的交流和融合。据考证，red的褒义是从远东经波斯传到西方的。 2、白色在中国文化中，白色与红色相反，是一个基本禁忌词，体现了中国人在物质和精神上的摈弃和厌恶。在中国古代的五方说中，西方为白虎，西方是刑天杀神，主萧杀之秋，古代常在秋季征伐不义、处死犯人。所以白色是枯竭而无血色、无生命的表现，象征死亡、凶兆。如自古以来亲人死后家属要披麻戴孝（穿白色孝服）办"白事"，要设白色灵堂，出殡时要打白幡；旧时还把白虎视为凶神，所以现在称带给男人厄运的女人为"白虎星"。白色的心理功能在其发展过程中由于受到政治功能的影响，又象征腐朽、反动、落后，如视为"白专道路"；它也象征失败、愚蠢、无利可得，如在战争中失败的一方总是打着“白旗”表示投降，称智力低下的人为"白痴"，把出力而得不到好处或没有效果叫做"白忙"、"白费力"、"白干"等，它还象征奸邪、阴险，如"唱白脸"、"白脸"奸雄；最后，它还象征知识浅薄、没有功名，如称平民百姓为"白丁"、"白衣"、"白身"，把缺乏锻炼、阅历不深的文人称作"白面书生"等。西方文化中的白色象征意义主要着眼于其本身色彩，如新下的雪、新鲜牛奶及百合花的颜色。西方人认为白色高雅纯洁，所以它是西方文化中的崇尚色。它象征纯真无邪，如（1）awhitesoul纯洁的心灵，（2）whitewedding新娘穿白礼服的婚礼；它又象征正直、诚实，如（1）awhitespirit正直的精神，（2）whitemen高尚、有教养的人，（3）whitehand廉洁、诚实；它也象征幸运、吉利，如（1）oneofthewhitedaysofsb'slife某人生活中的吉日之一，（2）whitemagic有天使相助的法术；它还有合法、无恶意的意思，如（1）whitemarket合法市场，（2）whitelist经过批准的合法明单，（3）awhitelie无害的谎言。 3、黑色古代黑色为天玄，原来在中国文化里只有沉重的神秘之感，是一种庄重而严肃的色调，它的象征意义由于受西方文化的影响而显得较为复杂。一方面它象征严肃、正义，如民间传说中的"黑脸"包公，传统京剧中的张飞、李逵等人的黑色脸谱；另一方面它又由于其本身的黑暗无光给人以阴险、毒辣和恐怖的感觉。它象征邪恶、反动，如指阴险狠毒的人是"黑心肠"，不可告人的丑恶内情是"黑幕"，反动集团的成员是"黑帮"、"黑手"，把统治者为进行政治迫害而开列的持不同政见者的名单称为"黑名单"，它又表示犯罪、违法，如称干盗匪行径叫"走黑道"，称杀人劫货、干不法勾当的客店叫做"黑店"，违禁的货物交易叫"黑货"、"黑市"，用贪赃受贿等非法手段得来的钱叫"黑钱"等。黑色（black）是西方文化中的基本禁忌色，体现了西方人精神上的摈弃和厌恶。它象征死亡、凶兆、灾难，如（1）BlackMass安灵弥撒，（2）towearblackforhcrfather为她父亲戴孝，（3）blackwords不吉利的话，（4）ablackletterday凶日；它象征邪恶、犯罪，如（1）BlackMan邪恶的恶魔，（2）ablackdeed极其恶劣的行为，（3）blackguard恶棍、流氓，（4）blackmail敲榨、勒索；它也象征耻辱、不光彩，如（1）ablackmark污点，（2）blacksheep败家子，（3）ablackeye丢脸、坏名声，它还象征沮丧、愤怒，如（1）blackdog沮丧情绪，（2）Thefuturelooksblack前途暗淡，（3）Hegavemeablacklook。他怒气冲冲地看着我。 4、其他颜色黄色在中国文化中是红色的一种发展变异，如旧时人们把宜于办大事的日子称为“黄道吉日”，但是它更代表权势、威严，这是因为在古代的五方、五行、五色中，中央为土黄色。黄色象征中央政权、国土之义，所以黄色便为历代封建帝王所专有，普通人是不能随便使用"黄色"的，如"黄袍"是天子的"龙袍"，"黄钺"是天子的仪仗，"黄榜"是天子的诏书，"黄马褂"是清朝皇帝钦赐文武重臣的官服。至于现在流行的与"性"有关的"黄色"观念，有一种说法是中西文化交流融合的一种现象。据说美国纽约的《世界报》用黄色油墨印刷低级趣味的漫画以争取销路，人们便称这一类不健康的刊物为“黄色刊物”

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中生英语

以中外文化交流为主题的话题写一篇作文，要求在1500个字左右，这里我希望你可以发挥你的，创意，写一下这位交流文化方面的，主题。

以中外文化交流为主题的话题作文，那么你就要以中国的文化和外国文化的主要异同来进行阐述

Chinese and Western cultural differences in the performance of every aspect of daily life from the greeting 、 term diet and cultural differences in the way of thinking in the abstract， such as differences everywhere， from the West focus on the following colors to express the difference between Chinese and Western cultural differences in areas such as a wedding First， in the West to express the color difference Different colors in different languages is not expressed in the same The representative of China in a sense， the West has a meaning that even the "color" to understand the meaning of the (A) red (red) Whether in China or in the English-speaking countries， often in red and festive celebrations or day- Calendar， red font used these days， therefore， red letter day: refers to the "Day" or "happy " It also refers to the red "liabilities" or "loss" because people are always negative in red to So there are these phrases: red figure deficit in the red loss In common with the Chinese "red" words， translated into English， may not necessarily use the "red" for example: 　 brown sugar brown sugar red wine red wine (B) yellow Yellow in English and Chinese in the extended meaning of the differences are In English， yellow can be said that the "timid， cowardly， despicable，" meaning， for example: a yellow dog despicable， cowardly people a yellow livered coward Chinese yellow symbol of the term is sometimes vulgar， vulgar and obscene， indecent indecency means， such as yellow film， erotica， yellow CD， and so These in the name of "yellow" in English and "yellow" has nothing to However， in another English word blue is the color used to indicate the kind of meaning in Chinese， such as the blue jokes (dirty joke)， blue films (yellow film) Second， the cultural differences in Western wedding First of all， in Western wedding culture and the first in the West in thinking about the differences: the Chinese people more conservative， like excitement， more old-fashioned thinking， so in the history of China for thousands of years the entire wedding customs did not change The thinking in the West is more open to the requirements of the wedding will be lower， they will be the climax of the wedding in the church: the sacred as the "wedding march" into the red carpet， Jiao Mei's father， the bride linked hands Rose walked slowly to the groom， the bride's father， daughter to the groom's hand on hand， her daughter's life will be entrusted to the groom， all eyes followed the couple， filled with well-being in their Second， the result of cultural differences wedding in the West because the West in a different China is mainly Buddhist， but the West is mainly C Therefore， the Western wedding is to be held in the church and the priest is Zhuhun R China's traditional customs of the most important part of the Bai Tiandi is， the worship heaven and earth even after the ceremony has 中西方文化差异表现在方方面面，从日常生活的打招呼用语、饮食文化等差异到思维方式等抽象方面的差异无所不在，下面着重从中西方颜色表达的差异，中西方婚礼文化差异等方面阐述。一、中西方颜色表达的差异不同颜色在不同语言中表达的方式并不一样。在中国代表一种意义，在西方又表示一种涵义，甚至对“颜色”的涵义理解恰恰相反。（一）red（红色）无论是在英语国家还是在中国，红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。日历中，这些日子常用红色字体，因此，red letter day：指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。红色还指“负债”或“亏损”，因为人们总是用红笔登记负数。于是就有了这些词组：red figure赤字 in the red亏损汉语中常用的带“红”字的词语，翻译成英语，可不一定用“red”例如：　红糖brown sugar 红酒red wine （二） yellow黄色在英语和汉语中的引申含义差别比较大。英语中，yellow可以表示“胆小、卑怯、卑鄙”的意思，例如：a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人a yellow livered 胆小鬼汉语中黄色一词有时象征低级趣味、色情庸俗、下流猥亵的意思，如黄色电影、黄色书刊、黄色光碟等等。这些名称中的“黄”与英语中的“yellow”无关。然而，英语中另一个颜色词blue却常用来表示汉语中这类意思，如blue jokes（下流的玩笑）， blue films（黄色电影）等。二、中西方婚礼文化差异首先，中西方婚礼文化差异首先和中西方人在思维方面的差异有关：中国人比较保守，喜欢热闹，思维较古板，所以在中国历史几千年的时间里整个婚礼的习俗并没有多大的变化。而西方人的思想则比较开放，对于婚礼的要求也比较低，他们婚礼的高潮则是在教堂中：随着神圣的《婚礼进行曲》步入鲜红的地毯，娇美的新娘挽着父亲手捧玫瑰慢慢向新郎走去，新娘的父亲将女儿的手放在新郎的手上，将女儿的一生托付给新郎，所有人的目光注视着这对新人，幸福洋溢在他们的脸上。其次，造成中西方婚礼文化差异的原因是中西方不同的宗教。中国是以佛教为主，而西方则是基督教为主的。所以西方的婚礼是在教堂中举行而主婚人则是神甫。中方的传统婚俗中的最重要环节就是拜天地，拜了天地以后就算是礼成了。

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中英语

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中英语

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中英语版

中外文化交流史论文范文大全初中英语

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中生英语

中外文化交流论文范文大全初中英语作文