论文选题的发展趋势怎么写初中英语

英语翻译论文直接找北京译顶科技就行了啊，省时省力，对接也方便。

题目定了么，格式给我。

可写 Introduction 或 Background 介绍写论文的目的或研究的目标

纵观我国英语教学的发展史，语法教学一直处于摇摆不定的位置。语法教学从建国后到60年代末，一直采用语法翻译法进行教学，语法受到极大的推崇。随着外国先进教学理念的引入和语法教学研究的不断深入，人们开始发现语法翻译教学法自身种种弊端，逐渐开始淡化语法教学，开始着重培养学生的交际能力。特别是2001年教育部颁布《全日制义务教育英语课程标准(实验稿)》中明确提出要求改变过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授的观点，语法教学受到了严重的抨击。尤其在小学课堂中，教师开始回避语法教学，只关注到学生听、说能力的培养。　　长期以往，虽然学生的口头表达能力有所提高，但是由于语法知识薄弱，学生出口错误频繁、句子支离破碎的现象非常普遍。为了扭转忽视语法所带来的负面影响，教育部在2011年教育部颁布《全日制义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》，此次课标改革将小学阶段应该教授的所有二级语法项目在附录中明确列举出来。这就为小学英语教学中语法教学内容提供了良好的依据，教师可以以此为纲领，更好的把握小学语法教学的尺度。本研究从小学英语教学现状入手，以三所小学高年级英语语法教学为例，从教师和学生两个维度调查分析了当前小学课堂语法教学中主要存在以下几个问题：语法教学地位认识不足；学生学习兴趣不高，有畏难情绪；学生参与度不够，缺乏主动性；忽视母语在语法教学中的作用；教师不恰当纠错，造成学生挫败感。并针对这些问题进行了进一步原因分析，认为造成语法难教难学主要有五个原因，分别为：语法教学方法理解狭隘，学生自身认知水平有限，教师自身缺乏理论学习，应试教育下的升学压力，汉语与英语间的差异。最后，针对问题联系课堂实际，提出了一些切实可行的教学策略及建议，如正确定位小学语法教学；加强教师自身理论学习；关注学生情感态度；采用多种教学方法和多种评价方式，提高学生的兴趣，同时根据《牛津小学英语》课本列举了相应的教学案例，旨在提高小学英语教学效果，对小学生英语学习有所帮助，对小学英语教师进行语法教学有所参考和启发。 [1] 程燕芬图表在小学英语教学中的运用策略[J] 快乐阅读 2012(36) [2] 黄明敏，吴金洪小学英语语法教学方法研究[J] 教育教学论坛 2012(29) [3] 汤敏敏随风潜入夜润物细无声——浅谈小学英语语法知识的建构[J] 科教文汇(中旬刊) 2012(06) [4] 苗承燕，刘咏梅第三学段学生汉语思维对英语句法学习的影响研究——基于武威市凉州区6所小学的调查[J] 北京教育学院学报 2012(01) [5] 李泓新课标下对小学英语语法教学的思考[J] 小学时代(教师) 2011(11) [6] 朱耀华对当前英语语法教学的一些思考[J] 山东师范大学外国语学院学报(基础英语教育) 2011(03) [7] 吴莲萍，朱朝春英语教学中“语法翻译法”与“直接法”的分析与比较[J] 科技信息 2010(10) [8] 张云辉，李尚一主要外语刊物语法教学文章综述(1997～2006)[J] 山东外语教学 2008(05) [9] 王邦民英汉间的语法差异与联系[J] 山东教育 2008(14) [10] 衡仁权国外语法教学研究的最新发展综述[J] 外语界 2007(06)

发展趋势的论文怎么写初中英语

LPSometimesthisfeelingseemstobeoneofindifference，butitisaconventionofcitylifetocurbone‘VO城市生活和乡村和农场生活大不相同。大城市的人更注意尊重个人隐私。有时候这种感觉似乎是一种冷漠，但是它是城市生活的一个约俗，以遏制一个人对陌生人的个人事务的好奇。村民和农民有可能所有的邻居对表现出极大的兴趣。城市给聪明的年轻人提供了机会，来自村庄和农场的求职者有往大都市发展的稳定趋势

前景展望有以下几种英译法：prospect;outlook;perspective

第一篇Hi，I’m I'm 13 years old and I study in xxx Middle S My school is Every morning I get up at seven and have And then I go to school at half past Lessons begin at eight o’ We have four lessons in the morning and Chinese is my favourite We usually have 10 minute's break between two lessons and at about 12 o'clock we finish our morning I have lunch at school at twelve I like school lunch and I always have rice with meat and After lunch I often talk with my friends or play basketball with In the afternoon lessons start at half past one and finish at four o’ I play games after school with my friends and then go home at half past In the evening I do my homework and then watch TV At ten o’clock I go to It’s really a busy day but I like 第二篇 As we can see， the world population is growing rapidly day by So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big What's more， with the development of industry， factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes， which consequently results in the pollution of Though fresh， a good amount of it can no longer be Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human So it's high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water Stop pollution and save water， otherwise， we cannot survive on the With fresh water， the world will be prosperous第三篇保护水资源： As we can see， the world population is growing rapidly day by So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big What's more， with the development of industry， factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes， which consequently results in the pollution of Though fresh， a good amount of it can no longer be Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human So it's high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water Stop pollution and save water， otherwise， we cannot survive on the With fresh water， the world will be 翻译如下：正如大家看到世界人口增长迅速日。给这类大的人口需要有足够的淡水。怎么还有与工业事务局研究工厂和车辆产生有毒气体或，因此导致污染的水的废物。虽然新鲜的可以不再使用好的量。只有很有限的新鲜水资源可供人类。因此，它是我们人类采取快速行动，保护水资源的时候了。停止污染和保存水，否则，我们不能生存在地球上。新鲜的水世界将会繁荣。改革开放：It has been thirty years since China started reform and began a policy of opening up China to the outside This has resulted in great changes taking place in various With the nine-year compulsory education(九年制义务教育) program，all children have the chance to be In the past 30 years，China has made great progress in science and In 2003，China launched its first manned spaceship and fulfilled its first space walk in As economy is developing fast，people's living conditions have greatly In addition，there have also been great changes in The 29th Olympics were successfully hosted in Beijing and Chinese athletes won the most gold I'm really proud of the great achievements in the past 30 It is the leadership of the Communist Party and the great efforts of us Chinese people that made all these Nowadays，people are working hard towards a more advanced and harmonious I'm sure China will have a brighter future and Chinese people will live a happier 第四篇保护水资源： As we can see， the world population is growing rapidly day by So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big What's more， with the development of industry， factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes， which consequently results in the pollution of Though fresh， a good amount of it can no longer be Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human So it's high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water Stop pollution and save water， otherwise， we cannot survive on the With fresh water， the world will be 翻译如下：正如大家看到世界人口增长迅速日。给这类大的人口需要有足够的淡水。怎么还有与工业事务局研究工厂和车辆产生有毒气体或，因此导致污染的水的废物。虽然新鲜的可以不再使用好的量。只有很有限的新鲜水资源可供人类。因此，它是我们人类采取快速行动，保护水资源的时候了。停止污染和保存水，否则，我们不能生存在地球上。新鲜的水世界将会繁荣。改革开放：It has been thirty years since China started reform and began a policy of opening up China to the outside This has resulted in great changes taking place in various With the nine-year compulsory education(九年制义务教育) program，all children have the chance to be In the past 30 years，China has made great progress in science and In 2003，China launched its first manned spaceship and fulfilled its first space walk in As economy is developing fast，people's living conditions have greatly In addition，there have also been great changes in The 29th Olympics were successfully hosted in Beijing and Chinese athletes won the most gold I'm really proud of the great achievements in the past 30 It is the leadership of the Communist Party and the great efforts of us Chinese people that made all these Nowadays，people are working hard towards a more advanced and harmonious I'm sure China will have a brighter future and Chinese people will live a happier 翻译如下：这是三十年以来中国开始改革与开始的外部 This 中国开放政策，导致在各个领域发生的巨大变化。于九年强制 education(九年制义务教育) 程序所有孩子都有机会被 In 在 30 年中国已取得很大进展科技 In 2003、中国推出其第一次的载人的飞船和完成首次空间行走在 As 经济发展迅速、人民生活条件大大改善。此外，也有很大的变化在 The 29 奥运成功承载在北京和中国运动员赢得最大的金牌。我的确感到自豪的丰功伟绩在过去的 30 It 是共产党的领导和我们中国人作出所有这些 Nowadays，people 正在努力向更先进，和谐 I 确信中国将会有一个光明的前景和中国人民将过幸福生活的努力。电脑利弊：The main disadvantages are: some of the young people are too obsessed with the network control poor， it will trap into the Relevant data show that young people indulge in network performance is more than 89 percent Online games will have a strong young vanity has led to some young people have an unhealthy psychological， severely hampered the normal development of young There are fighting games so that some young people think that real life can be like a virtual network of the world as ruled by the law of the jungle to the world today， leading toward the path of Play the role of those villains， so that boys like girls change， but it's like boys The trap of the second network， some people because of social discontent， the network's own desire to radiation， leading to others on the network by fraud， deceived many examples， list goes Many benefits， save time and effort before the provincial lesson entirely on hand-written， time-consuming and laborious， much more will have to Preparation of a computer is now "semi-automatic"， and the school to teach all the prior knowledge input into the computer， after layout， modify， save， and finally print it out; the same can also copy the Computer is time-saving， labor-saving good helper， it gives me more time to study materials， the design of better teaching 第五篇I like badminton and basketball，basketball is my favourite sport，I like basketball I always wear a T-shirt，shorts and runners to play I can throw the basketball in the net， I think it is easy， but someone think it is hard， I can catch the basketball， On Sundays，I am a bbasketball I like to watch basketball game on TV， Yao Ming is my favourite basketball player， I want to be a real basketball player 第六篇Hello everyone !DO you like sports? Let me tell you whate my favorite sport Well I like tennis Becase of playing tennis makes me be healthy and You can run on the playgrond and enjoy it every So I really like playing tennis very mnch! 第七篇a meaningfull activity Last month I went to the hometown with my family，We decided to swim in the river where my father often swim when he was But when we got there，there was only a dirty river，so we thought we got to a wrong But there was a old man，he said:"Here is a place where you want to go"He look so sad when he said Then he said:"Two years ago，here was really a beutifu place，but one day，many visitors come here and threw rubbish The river be dirty and dirty，and it look like this now"When I heard this，I think we should protect our It was really a meaningful activity第八篇Our school has now started an activity called “Build Civilized Classes and a Harmonious C” The topic is “ Get Rid of Bad Habits and Greet Civilization” Bad habits do Some students throw rubbish everywhere or spit in Some wear long Others are even addicted to smoking and We require that the students break away from these bad We urge the students to wear their school uniform and be polite to During the activity， we’ll hold a picture show， a competition of classroom and dormitory decorations and so We all hope that we’ll build each class into a civilized one and our campus into a harmonious 第九篇My Birthday PartyIt’s J Today I am16 years I am going to have a party at home and I am waiting for all my friends to They are going to bring?lots of beautiful presents with My parents are preparing a lot of nice things to eat and At the party we are going to play games， sing songs， dance and listen to I think we will have a good

As is known to all， it is important to be/ do… I think there are at least two reasons for… For one thing，… For another，… Let’s take… for example… From what I have mentioned above we can see that without… we can not … it is clear that… play an important part in…Different people， however， have different opinions on this Some people think that … According to them all of us should… Others argue that … in their point of view， nobody can without … Compared with…， has a lot of advantages over… There is no doubt that … As a consequence， … In short， I firmly support the view that … It is because… So my conclusion is that …(109words)1．对立观点式： A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X，为什么？ B．有人认为X 是坏事，反对X，为什么？ C．我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However， other people stand on a different They consider it harmful to do X They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both But I think the advantages of X overweigh the In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about， X also may X 的一个坏处。 2．批驳观点式： A．一个错误观点。 B．我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that， they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y， almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might be some element of truth in these people's But if we consider it in depth， we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my （以下参照辩论文的议论文写法）。 3．社会问题（现象）式 A．一个社会问题或者现象。 B．产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D．如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E．前景的预测。 Nowadays， there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public) According to a survey，调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子） There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/ 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life， which has been articulated in the following 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions， I can easily forecast that more and more people 议论文有三要点：论点、论据、论证方法。论点：作者对某事某现象持有的见解或主张。论据：事实论据理论论据用来证明论点的理由或根据。论证方法：对比归纳演绎等

论文研究发展趋势怎么写初中英语

一关于本专业毕业论文的选题英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论，一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》）语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。

1 总述开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题，并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法、必要的数据等等。 2 提纲开题报告包含的论文提纲可以是粗线条的，是一个研究构想的基本框架。可采用整句式或整段式提纲形式。在开题阶段，提纲的目的是让人清楚论文的基本框架，没有必要像论文目录那样详细。开题报告学生：一、选题意义 1、理论意义 2、现实意义二、论文综述 1、理论的渊源及演进过程 2、国外有关研究的综述 3、国内研究的综述 4、本人对以上综述的评价三、论文提纲前言、一、1、2、3、二、1、2、3、三、1、2、3、结论四、论文写作进度安排毕业论文开题报告提纲一、开题报告封面：论文题目、系别、专业、年级、姓名、导师二、目的意义和国内外研究概况三、论文的理论依据、研究方法、研究内容四、研究条件和可能存在的问题五、预期的结果六、进度安排

论文开题报告基本要素标题开题摘要目录介绍文献综述研究问题与假设方法论工作安排预期结果和结果的意义暂定论文章节大纲参考文献列表各部分撰写内容标题论文标题应该简洁，且能让读者对论文所研究的主题一目了然。　　开题摘要摘要是对论文提纲的总结，通常不超过1或2页，摘要包含以下内容：问题陈述研究的基本原理假设建议使用的方法预期的结果研究的意义目录目录应该列出所有带有页码的标题和副标题，副标题应缩进。　介绍这部分应该从宏观的角度来解释研究背景，缩小研究问题的范围，适当列出相关的参考文献。文献综述这一部分不只是你已经阅读过的相关文献的总结摘要，而是必须对其进行批判性评论，并能够将这些文献与你提出的研究联系起来。　研究问题与假设这部分应该告诉读者你想在研究中发现什么。在这部分明确地陈述你的研究问题和假设。在大多数情况下，主要研究问题应该足够广泛，而次要研究问题和假设则更具体，每个问题都应该侧重于研究的某个方面。

研究课题申报中“目前的研究状况”是指研究课题目前国内外有些什么研究成果，以及对这些成果的观点综述。“发展趋势”是指对本课题领域一些新的观点的评价，包括多数学者意见、比较统一的看法等等。

论文选题的发展趋势怎么写初中

课题研究现状也叫“国内外相关研究现状综述”，即简述或综述别人在本研究领域或相关课题研究中做了什么，做得如何，有哪些问题解决了，哪些尚未解决，以便为自己开展课题研究提供一个背景和起点。也有利于自己课题找到突破口和创新处。如果说格式的话，基本上就是先分门别类地梳理一下相关研究及其成果，注意最好是条理化、分门别类，这本身就是一项研究。分类是最基础性的研究工作。然后对这些研究和成果进行评论，共同点、不同点、优点、缺点，然后做一个总结。大概就是如此。希望对你有用，祝你顺利啊！有问题可以继续探讨。。。

回答填写论文研究方向的原则:一、应与兴趣相合-一个人在日常生活里，没有兴趣的事，不会去做，如勉强去做，也会做不好。写论文的情形跟做事一样，能符合自己的兴趣才有可能写好。二、应考虑自己的能力在就读大学的这段期间内，是否有能力作某个论题的研究，也应好好考虑。论题如涉及太多外文文献，就要考虑自己的能力是否能胜任。三、范围应大小适中一般讨论论文写作的书，都强调论题不宜太大，或论题要小，笔者以为研究方向的大小应有其伸缩性，Gocheck论文检测系统认为，研究方向大小的选择，应以研究时间的长短、数据的多寡作为考虑的首要因素。四、资料是否容易取得一篇论文的好坏，除写作者的能力外，另一部分的因素是资料是否充足。当我们在选择研究方向时，就应把资料是否容易取得，列为重要的考虑因素。五、应能推陈出新一般论文写作规范，都强调论题要新，意思是前人可能没有研究过，或研究的水平不高。

据学术堂了解，毕业论文的展望与未来与总结部分相似，所以在这里建议大家在论文定稿时写，主要是说明论文的不足之处，可以从其他的角度来研究论文，从而完善自己的论文观点

首先分析你解决了什么问题，解决的方法全不全面，如不全面，未来怎么补全。

论文选题的发展趋势怎么写啊初中

毕业论文展望与未来一般写的内容有：毕业论文没有做完的值得继续研究的课题内容，这一块可以在毕业论文的研究基础上展开单独写一段；该课题研究内容在未来的发展趋势及应用，这一块儿可以从具体发展趋势及应用方面单独写一段；经过自己这几年来对该课题的了解与研究，提出自己的研究展望和创新性的研究内容及研究计划。

由于开题报告是用文字体现的论文总构想，因而篇幅不必过大，但要把计划研究的课题、如何研究、理论适用等主要问题说清楚，应包含两个部分：总述、提纲。 1 总述开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题，并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法、必要的数据等等。 2 提纲开题报告包含的论文提纲可以是粗线条的，是一个研究构想的基本框架。可采用整句式或整段式提纲形式。在开题阶段，提纲的目的是让人清楚论文的基本框架，没有必要像论文目录那样详细。 3 参考文献开题报告中应包括相关参考文献的目录 4 要求开题报告应有封面页，总页数应不少于4页。版面格式应符合以下第3部分第2）项“格式”的规定。