有关中国戏剧的论文范文英语翻译

Chinese opera ：中国戏剧

Chinese opera is a combination of Chinese plays and musicals， its origins can be traced back to third C Chinese opera has many local opera branch，Beijing Opera is one of the most Beijing opera appeared at the end of the eighteenth Century， and has been fully developed and recognized in the mid nineteenth C The opera in the Qing Dynasty (the Qing Dynastycourt) is particularly popular， and has been regarded as one of the Chinesecultural China opera will use No color mask represent different meanings， used to represent the characters， their emotional state and general

The Chinese opera is a traditional form of stage entertainment， weaving together elements of mime， dance， song， dialogue， swordplay， and acrobatics into one fluid continuous Gestures， movements and expressions incorporated within each performer's script come together to bring forth an impressive In contrast to Western stage entertainment， which is subdivided into different categories such as opera， drama and sketches， Chinese opera has remained faithful to its original format over the Although sharing a common ancestry， Chinese opera boasts over 300 various distinct forms - taking their names from their places of These forms are generally discernible by their use of local dialects and distinct 'melodies' Beijing opera is considered by most to be the most Also widespread are Pingju Opera， Kunqu Opera， Shaoxing Opera， Henan Opera， Sichuan Opera， Shanxi Opera， Huangmei Opera， Huagu Opera and Yangko O Some Chinese ethnic minority groups have some local form of 以下是网上翻译的第一段，供你参考吧。La ópera china es una forma tradicional de entretenimiento del teatro， tejiendo los elementos juntos de mimo， del baile， de la canción， del diálogo， de la esgrima， y de la acrobacia en un flujo continuo lí Los gestos， los movimientos y las expresiones incorporados dentro de cada escritura de artista se reúnen dar a luz un desempeño Por contraste al entretenimiento del teatro Occidental， que se subdivide en categorías diferentes tales como la ópera， el drama y los dibujos， la ópera china se ha quedado fiel a su formato original sobre los

有关中国戏剧的论文摘要英文翻译

基本没错Subject: This paper by the Chinese drama and the drama of the West， to understand different cultural Chapter 1: Introduction 1 on Chinese drama 1 Chinese drama of the origin， development 2 drama associated with the Chinese Art Chapter 2: Western drama through the understanding of similarities and differences between different cultures 1 in the Western drama in common 1 and literature is closely related to 2 use of the story are love stories 2 in the Western drama of the different 1 complex with the independent body 2 singing a different way 3 different themes 4 different roles allocation method 5 different Wumei 6 different make-up 7 different outcome 8 different audience 9 Routine and symbolic significance 3 drama of different social status Chapter 3: different cultures and in the Central and Western philosophy embodied in the drama Chapter IV: summary

多少字的呢，格式有吗

有关中国戏剧的论文范文英语

I am a film fan because I have seen a lot of Also I love many Several days ago， I saw an American movie and I love her Her name is IF ONLY It is a love story about a pretty girl and a handsome Samantha is in love with her boyfriend， unfortunately he doesn't pay any attention to She is living in London attending school there to be with She is a music student and aspiring Ian is wrapped up in his job and is taking her "for Granted" A twist of fate occurs and makes him realize what he The story is perfect，I was touched I think I am the man in the film and I will do what the girl The scence is beautiful in the I love the country，also I love the two wonderful song in the I recommend this film to anyone who is a film fan， or to anyone who is a romantic at This one will get your Director did a perfect job and writer is a I look forward to any projects they take on in the

Western novels in comparison First， Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its In ancient times， science developed， out of fear of nature， the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God"， describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified， that is China opened the world's Pan story， the story of San Juan Five Emperors， the West Greek mythology， Roman mythology， Norse mythology， and so on are all typical East and West， the original novel， is closely linked with the history， as historical records complement the China Pre-Qin prose in the fable， the Han dynasty in the history books， biographies， the Wei and Jin Zhi， Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon， "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic"， in ancient Greece， "Homer's epic，" "Aesop's Fables "And so on， fall into this category， fiction， novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction， it is still not the literary creation， directly from the private collection record， so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple， writing rough Ban Gu said， "On the Street Lane words， hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the China's Tang Dynasty， the novel is only from history and literature become a Tang Dynasty culture has developed， the author's ideas are more open， the legend came into being at this time， Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan"， Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret，" Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on， are made in accordance with the creation of the For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent， not just the history of the nature of things， but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline， which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"， "Outlaws of the Marsh"， "Journey to the W" The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known， there are obvious story-telling style of Here by the redevelopment， it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process， the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus"， it was an open and ordinary life on the road， the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices， and gradually out a new Western novels， is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West， 14， the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control， 15， appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels， is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron"， Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of The resulting novel is a classical， elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well- As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge， enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels， of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust"， the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on， this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public In the 19th century， romantic fiction， realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of Romantic novels， such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris"， Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on， imaginative， unusual ideas， language and imaginative， strong Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life， and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens， France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society， the dark， in-depth criticism of the reality of evil， France Balzac and Maupassant， the United Kingdom of Charlotte， Bronte， Russia's Tolstoy， Dostoevsky， the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this Value today， the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the Second， the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel， the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1， the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters， language and the details of the description， in contradiction to the conflict to display the images， but the character of a single， small changes in the absence of the main Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description， stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind， good at writing full， the changes in the strong sense of the main Again， "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts， but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent， and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character， but Jane Eyre's character is the brave， strong， warm， kind-hearted， and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng' In short， people in the area described in the West has its own unique 2， China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete Plot twists and turns， the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous， magnificent anomaly， rigorous and clever， dramatic plot The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular， undulating waves， Cuoluoyouzhi， careful structure， an integral "A Dream of Red Mansions"， everywhere She Fu， Hui turning point， the story of Jia's best Western plot in respect of the outstanding works， although there are many， but it can not be compared with the Chinese 3， concise and lively Chinese language novel， rich in content and rich Western Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language， at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose， often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge， involve the community in many ways， so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are Western novels have different characteristics， and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent 4， Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult， Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame， so many great writers living， creating the conditions are not covered， many of the great works of authors who do not Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow， and many talented writers were forced to church services， wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry Third， Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty， China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system， the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each Of course， due to historical reasons， the Chinese side of the draw a little To this day， the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm， although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent， but the United States are We have every reason to believe that in the near future， the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate， develop and reach new artistic References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election，" Zhang Zhong， such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考，请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。

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有关中国戏剧的论文范文英语版

The Low-carbon EconomicNowadays，with more and more serious problems such as the increasing global temperture，the melting ice and the rising sea-levering，people are recognizing the important of developing the low-carbon economic There are many ways we can do to reach the loe-carbon Fristly，discovering others fuels which is more clean and more green to instead of the using of Secondly， we should have the save-energy conscious and do something which we can make，for instance，using the bus ranther than car when you go out，re-use the thing that can be recycle used，reducing the use of plastic Last but not least，we should plant more trees or other greenplants，in which way we can not only improve the environment，but also can make our home more In my opnion， the most important thing to reach the low-carbon economic is everyone must try their best do what they can do for Once everyone have the sence of low-carbon economic and have the action by themselves ，it will be earlier to reach

有关中国戏剧的论文范文高中英语

戏剧是描写人生的艺术，真实应是它的第一要素，人们常说，艺术是真善美的统一。在我看来，真是戏剧的基础，是生命；善是这个生命的意义、价值；美使得这个生命有持久的可以品味的艺术魅力。何谓真实？它是有一些基本品质的。第一，它能使观众信以为真。观众明知戏是假的，舞台所演是个虚构的世界，看戏是娱乐，是一种精神游戏，为什么又很乐意在心理上接受戏剧的支配，做“介于信与不信之间的有意识的自欺”呢？原因就在舞台上表现的人生，能使观众产生可以出入于自身经历的种种联想，从而加深对人生的体悟。有了这种联想、体悟，就会获得虽假犹真的审美愉快。美国剧作家阿瑟·密勒说：“戏剧与任何艺术相比更要求中肯恰当。如果一出戏能令人相信‘事情正是这样的’，那么，即使它缺点很多，仍不失为好戏。”如果一出戏连可信这一关也过不去，观众在看戏过程中不断产生疑问，就难以进入审美状态，有时甚至感到智力受了伤害。这样的戏还谈什么真实呢？第二，戏剧的真实还必须是动人的，是情感化了的真实。在社会科学中，真实可以用理性来直接表达。但在戏剧中，理性隐藏在情感之中，是靠情感的真实来影响观众的。明代作家袁于令说得好：“剧场假而情真。”这个“情真”，先由艺术家体验到了，他先被自己的体验所激动，才有可能打动观众。而戏剧的情感，是感性状态的理性，总是包含着是非判断的。表现美好的情感或邪恶的情感，都是经过了艺术家理性之光的照耀，是审美化了的东西，不是自然形态的东西。所以看莎士比亚的悲剧，不会染上麦克白的野心、理查三世的残忍、奥赛罗的猜疑。戏剧中的真总是要通向善的。现代戏曲在对人性的描写上，会超脱于过去的价值判断，其表现方式也不一定黑白分明，有些作品还着力于表现“灰色地带”，仍然不会泯灭是非善恶，泯灭理性精神。那种不包含是非善恶的愉快，只是一般的消遣性娱乐，成不了高尚的娱乐，不是戏剧真正的审美愉快。因而第三，戏剧的真实，还应当是有力量、有力度的。这种力量，源于戏剧的真实、真情，不是细琐的、卑微的，而是表达了某种“对人类具有普遍意义的旨趣”（黑格尔语），或者如恩格斯说的“具有较大的思想深度和意识到的历史内容”。我们不能要求许多作品都有思想力度、深度，但如果太缺少这类作品，现代戏曲就没有脊梁骨了。真实不同于事实，重要的是心灵的贴近真实是一种感受，是来自客观又对于客观有认识意义的主观感受。真实不同于事实。历史学要靠事实，戏剧艺术要靠真实。戏剧所以要写“事实”（故事）只是为了让观众感受真实，并非为了“事实”本身；而这个“事实”一般也不必是现实中的事实（或称实事）来支持的。鲁迅论讽刺艺术时说：“不必是曾有的实事，但必须是会有的实情。”所以艺术离不开虚构，允许幻想，甚至可以出神出鬼。写历史剧，在历史事实与艺术虚构之间，艺术家可以自由摆动。摆动的自由，服从于能表现出一种令人信服的“内在的可能性”（莱辛语），并且，它是和艺术家的意图紧紧地连结在一起的，达到情与理的相互渗透和自由转换。我们似乎有一种重事实、轻真实的倾向，如所谓重大题材，以为找到了它就可以获得巨大的真实了，客观效果常常并非如此，因为受实事的束缚较多，就难以在真实的开掘上获得充分自由。在过去传媒不发达的年代，写时事新闻的戏很有号召力，现在已经不是这种情况了。对于观众来说，戏中的“事实”在时间上离我们是近还是远并不重要，重要的是心灵的贴近。心灵的贴近对艺术家和观众都很重要。而且还应看到，时间距离恰恰是创作上拥有较大自由度的有利条件，京剧《曹操与杨修》、梨园戏《董生与李氏》就是很好的例子。真实靠正确的形式支撑黑格尔有句名言：“艺术家之所以为艺术家，全在于他认识到真实，而且把真实放到正确的形式里，供我们观照，打动我们的情感。”艺术家要传递给观众的真实，或者说，能被观众感受的真实，都是经过形式中介的。艺术家是用形式同观众打交道的。所谓“放到正确的形式里”，也可以叫做正确地进行形式化，进行形式创造。联系到戏剧，这个形式怎样才是“正确的”呢？有几个基本观点可说。首先，在戏剧中，形式化就是动作化。从艺术分类学的角度来说，戏剧是动作的艺术。它有两个基本品质：（一）“动作就是实现了的意志”；（二）“动作在本质上须是引起冲突的”（黑格尔语）。戏剧动作不等于人们日常生活中的言谈举止，对于后者，必须经过选择、提炼，被赋予以上两个品质，才成为戏剧动作。而意志和冲突，产生于过去又直接指向未来，其当下的感性过程就是戏剧情节，就是性格的历史。因为动作是实现意志、引起冲突的，就会“导致动作和反动作”，就有了戏剧性。我们看戏，觉得“平”、“冷”，觉得“没戏”，多半是由于缺少真正具有戏剧意义的动作。没有动作化的真实，不是戏剧的真实。其次，戏剧动作是有不同形式的。对于演员来说，动作不是单指形体动作（表情、姿态），而是语言、心理、形体的总和。其感性呈现就是角色形象。戏剧所以会有不同的样式，如话剧、歌剧、芭蕾舞剧、戏曲（要说“剧种”，这才是真正的剧种分类，我们戏曲中的所谓“剧种”，有许多是地方性因素，并不都具备样式类别的意义），归根到底，在于动作有不同的形式。话剧的动作是接近生活本来形态的，它的重点是语言，是口语化的台词。歌剧的重点是歌唱和音乐，舞剧的重点是舞蹈和音乐。歌剧不以舞作为动作形式，舞剧不以歌作为动作形式。而戏曲的动作是一种有歌有舞的综合形式，通常称之为唱念做打。不管是哪一种戏剧样式的动作，包括写实主义的话剧在内，都是“第二自然”，是人工的自然，都是经过了精心处理的艺术形式。所以，要“把真实放到正确的形式里”时，有个先在的条件，只能“放在”特定戏剧样式的动作形式里，因而动作化时，有没有样式意识，是能否“正确”的一个重要关键。观众看有些戏曲常要批评它是“话剧加唱”，多半是在整体的形式化中缺乏样式意识。有明确的样式意识，是创作上的一种本体自觉。其三，动作形式既有继承性也有变易性。以戏曲而言，无论唱念做打，都具有历史地积累下来的形式技巧，其规范化形态通常叫做程式。形式既然是艺术家和观众的特殊关系的体现，因而在形式化过程中，重视剧种的样式特征，充分运用固有的程式技巧，是同尊重观众的欣赏需要相一致的。然而这种继承性又是相对的，它会随时由于表现真实的需要，作出某种幅度的变易。所以形式化不可以简单地等同于程式化。形式化大于程式化，形式化中可以吸纳、融入非程式的因素。说得再大胆一点，在现代戏曲的创造中，形式化乃是程式化和反程式化的多样统一。现代戏曲的形式化，还包含一个新的任务：要实行形式上的更广泛的新的综合。有了这种更广泛的新综合，才能在同一种戏剧样式中，实现演出样式的多样化。演出样式的核心是演员的动作，是动作的样式特征，但光有这个核心还不够，还要有它的外延部分，包括听觉方面的音乐、音响和视觉方面的化装、服装、布景、灯光。另外，还可以在观演关系上作特殊的空间处理。有了这些因素的积极而又“正确”的介入，演出样式才能获得个性鲜明的艺术风格。而这方面的经验，戏曲自身较少，要靠借鉴外来经验，这是戏曲现代化中不能跳开的过程。引进外来经验，常常会产生不协调，吸纳容易消化难呀，却又不能因噎废食。艺术上的现代化，有创新和破坏的两面性，要尽量保护创新，减少破坏。这要靠实践经验的积累，培养出一批艺术大家，才能逐渐减少混乱和痛苦。真实的形式化一旦获得整体性成功，会给观众以极大的审美愉悦。到了这儿，真又通向了美。观众看戏，既要由真带来感动，又要由善带来心灵的净化、升华，还要由美带来反复的品味，持久的陶醉。但满足于感动以至心灵的震撼，还不是戏剧审美经验的全部，能够达到朱光潜说的“内容沉没下去，形式浮现出来”（沉没不是消失，浮现出来的形式是有意味的形式），这时候，才可以说，我们真正是把戏曲当艺术品来欣赏了，才能深入体会戏曲艺术的无穷